2024年中考英语二轮复习课件 宾语从句

初中英语语法 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词结构的宾语。宾语从句通常由连词that和whether/if、连接代词或连接副词引导。 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序,即:连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其 他成分。 Could you tell me when the train will leave? 你能告诉我火车何时出发吗? 1.在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。 eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2.宾语从句的引导词有三类: (1)以 that 引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导句形式的宾语从 句, that 可以省略。 eg, The radio says (that) the clouds will lift later on. She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以连接代词 which, what, who 等或连接副词 how, where, why 等引导的宾语从句,从句是陈述语序 eg, Could you tell me what’s the matter with u? I want to know how soon it will begin. (3)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般 疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述 语序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 连接词whether和if 在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用,但在下列情况下,只能用whether: ① 在带to的不定式前; ② 在介词的后面; ③ 直接与or not连用时。 3.宾语从句的时态 (1)当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时 态时,从句可用所需要的任何时态。 eg, I want to know what time he got up this morning. You are telling me that you won’t stop until tomorrow? (2)当主句为一般过去时态时, 从句要用于过去有关的时态。 eg,They asked what Jean was doing now . Linda said that the train had left. (3)当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时,宾语从句要使用一般现在时。 eg, Lisa asked whether light travels faster than sound. Polly said no news is a good news 注意:一般情况下,whether 和 if 可以互用, 但有些情况例 外。 1.当从句做介词的宾语是只用 whether 不用 if eg, We are talking about whether we’ll go on the pinic. 2.引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时, 只用 whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? 3.if 当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,这时不能用 whether. eg, You can’t work the plan out if you don’t have the meeting . 形式宾语it 宾语从句太长,可以用形式宾语it代替。 ① 动词find, feel, consider, make, believe等后面有宾语补足语的时 候,需要用it作形式宾语,而将that宾语从句后置。若宾语从句是wh- 类,则不可用it代替。 We all find it important that we(should)make a quick decision about this matter. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要。 ② enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等动词后接that从句,if 从句或when引导的从句,通常应先在动词后接it作形式宾语。 You can put it that it was arranged befo