Unit 1 Section 3 Discovering Useful Structures—动词⁃ing形式作定语和表语-【赢在微点】轻松课堂2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（人教版）

Section 3　Discovering Useful Structures— 动词⁃ing形式作定语和表语 语法图解 观察句子 1.Can you find me some good listening materials? 2.The swimming boy is my younger brother. 3.I know the young man sleeping on the bench. 4.The man running over there is our manager. 5.His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Tianjin. 6.He remained standing beside the table. 我的领悟 1.单个的现在分词作定语,往往放在其所修饰的词的前面,如句1, 句2; 现在分词短语作定语,应放在其所修饰的词的后面,如句3, 句4, 句5。 2.现在分词作定语时,有主动和正在进行的意义,被修饰的词与现在分词存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 3.现在分词作表语放在系动词后,表主动或正在进行,如句6。 一、动词⁃ing形式作定语 1.表示被修饰词的属性、作用或用途,作“供……用”讲,相当于介词for短语,常置于被修饰词前。 a swimming pool=a pool for swimming 游泳池 a reading room=a room for reading 阅览室 a washing machine=a machine for washing 洗衣机 a walking stick=a stick for walking 拐杖 2.表示被修饰词的动作或状态,被修饰词与现在分词之间是主动关系,现在分词相当于一个定语从句。单个的现在分词作定语时,放在被修饰词前;现在分词短语作定语时,则放在被修饰词后。 ①The boy standing by the window is my classmate. =The boy who is standing by the window is my classmate. 站在窗户旁边的那个男孩是我的同班同学。 ②The girl performing on the stage has a gift for dance. =The girl who is performing on the stage has a gift for dance. 在舞台上表演的那个女孩有舞蹈天赋。 提醒　作定语的现在分词(短语)表示的动作与句子谓语动词表示的动作不是同时发生时,要使用定语从句。 昨天来这儿的那位教授将给我们做演讲。 The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture. (×) The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture. (√) 【微练1】　用所给动词的正确形式填空 ①The sleeping (sleep) child is only five years old. ②Do you know the man standing (stand) at the gate? ③There is a swimming (swim) pool in our school, which is free of charge. 二、动词⁃ing形式作表语 ①Your speech is the most interesting and encouraging. ②Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. =Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job. 现在分词作表语,往往具有形容词的性质,表示主语的性质、特征和状态;动名词作表语具体说明主语的内容。 动名词作表语时,表语和主语可以互换,现在分词作表语时不能互换位置。 The argument seems very convincing. 这个论点似乎很有说服力。 Her job is cleaning the lecture hall. /Cleaning the lecture hall is her job. 她的工作是打扫演讲厅。 提醒　不定式和动词⁃ed形式也可作表语,但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作;动词⁃ed形式则表示被动、完成意义。 【微练2】　用所给词的适当形式填空 ①The story is so inspiring that they w