UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版新学案】2023-2024学年新教材高一英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（译林版2020）

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage 情态动词 [教材示例] 观察黑体部分并感悟规律 1．“What shall I read？” 2．You might have asked yourself this question more than once. 3．If you are not sure what to read，you can get ideas from different sources，but it is also important to develop your own taste. 4．To start with，ask your friends，parents and teachers to recommend what books you ought to read. 5.Teachers in particular can provide suggestions for interesting reading materials that can be found in the library or bookshop easily. 6．You could also read book reviews in newspapers，in magazines or online. 7．A book review can often tell you whether a book is worth reading or not. 8．These ideas should　point you in the right direction. 9．However，you must also decide for yourself what kind of books to read. 10．You do not have to read a book just because everyone recommends it. 11．Over time，you may find yourself better able to seek out books to your taste and enjoy reading all the more. [我的发现] 情态动词可以表示请求/建议(句1、 句3、 句6)、能力(句5、句7)、必要性(句4、句9 、句10)和可能性(句2、句 8 、句11)。 一、概述 情态动词本身有一定的词义，通常跟动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的看法或主观设想。常见的情态动词主要有：can，could，may，might，must，ought to，need，shall，should，will，would 等。 二、情态动词的基本用法 1．can与could的用法 (1)表示能力，此时could 是can 的过去式。 My grandmother can do some shopping on the Internet，but she couldn't last year. 我奶奶会网购了，但是去年她还不会。 [名师点津]　在一般过去时中，was/were able to 通常表示能做并且已经做了的事，could 仅表示能力。 I was able to swim to the bank when the ship sank. 当船下沉时，我已经游到岸边了。 I could lift the heavy box. 我能把那个沉重的盒子举起来。 (2)表示可能性，一般用于疑问句和否定句中，can't/couldn't 意为“不可能”。 Can this news be true？这则消息可能是真的吗？ Your story can't/couldn't be true. 你的故事不可能是真的。 (3)表示请求和许可，could表示更委婉的语气。 —Can/Could I go now? —Yes，you can. ——我现在可以走了吗？ ——是的，你可以。 (4)表示理论上或习惯上的可能性，意为“有时会”。 As we all know，anyone can make mistakes. 我们都知道，任何人都可能犯错。 2．may与might的用法 (1)表示允许、许可。might在语气上比may更委婉。 May/Might I play the computer games after supper? 晚饭后我可以玩电脑游戏吗？ (2)表示可能性，用于肯定句。 I think he may come tomorrow. 我认为明天他可能会来。 3．must与need的用法 (1)表示必要性。must意为“必须”，其否定式为mustn't(不准，禁止)。need