UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版新学案】2023-2024学年新教材高一英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（译林版2020）

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage 主谓一致 [教材示例] 观察黑体部分并思考主语与谓语在数上的关系 1．Everyone was surprised when Disney said its film team members were remaking The Jungle Book. 2．Mowgli and his animal friends live happily in the jungle until one day Shere Khan the tiger returns and tries to drive him out of the jungle. 3．However，its old age shows. 4．The new film uses much more advanced technology—not only the animals but also the jungle is digitally created. 5．Building the jungle environment on the computer was no easy job. 6．The Jungle Book lasts for about two hours but there is enough tension and humour to hold your attention during the whole film. 7．Two hours seems very short when you're having so much fun! [我的发现] 1．主谓一致是指句子的谓语在人称和单复数上要与主语保持一致。 2．当主语为可数名词单数(句4)，不可数名词(句3)，表示书名、著作的专有名词(句6)、动词­ing形式(句5)、不定代词(句1)、或表时间、距离、金钱的复数名词(句7)时，谓语动词用单数形式。当主语为可数名词的复数形式(句1)或由and连接的两个或两个以上的并列成分(句2)时，谓语动词用复数形式。 3．not only...but also...连接并列主语(句4)或由there、here 引出的主语不止一个(句6)时，谓语动词的单复数与临近的主语保持一致。 主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。主谓一致有三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。 一、语法一致原则 此原则是指在语法形式上保持一致，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。 1．可数名词单数、不可数名词、单个动词不定式短语、动词­ing形式短语或从句作主语及表示时间、金钱、度量衡等概念的名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 His advice has been accepted. 他的建议已被接受。 To see is to believe.眼见为实。 Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在阳光下读书对眼睛有害。 When they could finish the task is not known yet. 他们何时能完成任务还未知。 Ten dollars is the price for that hat. 那顶帽子的价格是十美元。 [名师点津]　what引导的主语从句充当主语时，有时要以what所指代的词的意义来决定谓语动词的数。 What you need is a good meal. 你需要的是一顿美餐。 What the school needs are qualified teachers. 这个学校需要的是有能力的教师。 2．由连接词and或both...and连接的名词、动词不定式短语、动词­ing形式短语以及句子作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 Both eggs and milk are good for your health. 鸡蛋和牛奶都对你的健康有好处。 Jogging and swimming are beneficial to our health. 慢跑和游泳都对我们的健康有益。 [名师点津]　(1)and连接的两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。如果这两个词都是名词，则第二个名词前不用冠词。 A poet and artist is coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. 一位诗人兼艺术家明天下午要来给我们讲一讲中国文学和绘画。 (2)由and连接的并列单数主语前若有no，each，every，many a等修饰，谓语动词要用单数。 Each st