Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Grammar-【金版新学案】2023-2024学年新教材高一英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Grammar 过去分词(短语)作定语 [教材示例] 分析下列加黑部分并体会其语法特征 1．As a six­year­old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. 2．In Uganda，Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes. 3．Many inspired people gave him their support. [探究发现] 　例句2、3中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放在被修饰名词的前面；例句1为过去分词短语作定语，应放在被修饰名词的后面。 一、过去分词(短语)作定语的位置 1．单个的过去分词作定语通常放在被修饰词之前。 The government decided to rebuild the damaged bridge. 政府决定重新修复那座被毁坏的大桥。 [名师点津]　有些过去分词表示特定含义，单独作定语也放在被修饰的名词之后。如：left(剩余的)，given(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。另外，单个过去分词作定语修饰代词(如：something，everything，anything，nothing，nobody等不定代词或those)时，应该放在被修饰的词后面。 There is a little time left.Let’s hurry up. 剩余时间不多了，咱们快点吧。 He is one of those invited. 他是那些被邀请的人之一。 2．过去分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。 I am fond of the food cooked by your mother. ＝I am fond of the food that/which is cooked by your mother. 我很喜欢你妈妈做的饭菜。 学生用书第46页 The computer center，opened last year，is very popular among the students in this school. ＝The computer center，which was opened last year，is very popular among the students in this school. 去年开放的电脑中心，很受这个学校的学生欢迎。 [名师点津]　有些过去分词作定语既可前置也可后置，意义不变，但有些过去分词置于被修饰词前后的位置不同，则意义也不相同。 All the broken windows have been repaired. ＝All the windows broken have been repaired. 所有坏了的窗户已经修理好了。 the concerned expression担忧的表情 the student concerned有关的学生 ◎基础练透——补全句子 ①The polluted river (这条被污染的河) gives off a terrible smell. ②The excited people (激动的人们) finally cooled down. ③He was then a teacher respected by all the students(受所有学生尊敬的). ④Most of the guests invited to my birthday party (被邀请到我的生日晚会的) were my school friends. ◎能力提升——同义句转换 ⑤The house which was built 100 years ago stood still after the earthquake. →The house built 100 years ago stood still after the earthquake. ⑥The man，who had been disturbed so badly，almost lost his memory. →The man，disturbed so badly，almost lost his memory. 二、及物动词和不