4.1 情态动词（一）课件-2024届高三英语一轮复习

情态动词 （一） Modal verb Modal verb 1 Contents 1 2 情态动词的特征和形式 情态动词的意义和用法 目录 2 01. 情态动词的特征和形式 3 情态动词的特征和形式 （一）情态动词的各种形式见下表: 情态动词表示说话人对动作或状态的各种观点和态度，如需要、猜测、意愿或怀疑等。情态动词有词义，但不完全，是所谓的“辅助性”动词，在句中不能单独充当谓语。 情态动词 may might can could must have to ought to will would shall should need dare used to had better 否定式 may not might not can not could not must not do not have to ought not to will not would not shall not should not need not dare not used not to/ did not use to had better not 简略否定式 mayn't(老式英语，现在不常见) mightn't can't couldn't mustn't don't have to oughtn't to(否定句中to可省略) won't wouldn't shan't(只用于英国英语) shouldn't needn't daren't usedn't to /didn't use to ’d better not 4 情态动词的特征和形式 （一）情态动词的各种形式见下表: 情态动词表示说话人对动作或状态的各种观点和态度，如需要、猜测、意愿或怀疑等。情态动词有词义，但不完全，是所谓的“辅助性”动词，在句中不能单独充当谓语。 had better有“最好”的意思，常用语建议或请求时，表达比较委婉，它暗示对方有义务去做某事，因此通常用于长辈对晚辈或上级对下级等，而不宜反过来用。had better可将其视为“情态”动词，可用于一切人称，没有任何词形变化。have better和has better表示有比较之下“有更好的”的意思，一般局限于主语单复数，has better用于第三人称单数时 为什么是had better不是have better或has better? 5 情态动词的特征和形式 （二）情态动词除ought to, used to等外，后面只接不带to的不定式 1.情态动词+do You shouldn't be so careless.你不该这样粗心大意。 2.情态动词+be doing My mother may/might be cooking now.我妈妈可能正在做饭。 Difficulties can and must be overcome.困难能够而且必须克服。 Jessica told him yesterday she might not go on the trip.杰西卡昨天告诉他，她可能不去旅行了。 You should be reviewing your lessons.你应该在复习功课。 She must be listening to pop music. 她肯定在听流行音乐。 6 情态动词的特征和形式 （二）情态动词除ought to, used to等外，后面只接不带to的不定式 3.情态动词+have done They might have visited the Great Wall.他们可能参观过长城了。 4.情态动词+be done This word can also be used as a verb.这个词也可以用作动词。 You ought to have come earlier.你本该早一点儿来。 He must have got up very early to catch the train.他一定起得很早去赶火车了。 The work ought to have been finished long ago. 这工作早就该完成了。 Something must be done to stop pollution.必须采取措施来制止污染。 7 情态动词的特征和形式 （三）情态动词第三人称单数一般现在时没有词形变化。 You ought to wear a raincoat.你应该穿件雨衣。 A plant must have oxygen in order to live.为了存活植物必须有氧气。 Plants must have oxygen in order to live.为了存活植物必须有氧气。 She ought to wear