Welcome Unit Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2023-2024学年高一上学期英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Welcome Unit Discovering Useful Structures Period 3 1.学会分析英语句子基本结构。 2.识别英语基本句法结构，对长度较长，内容较为丰富的英语句子能够做出正确的理解。 3.为英语句子写作奠定扎实的语法基础。 学 习 目 标 Lead in 我 爱 中 国。 主语 谓语动词 宾语 3 Ⅰ Members of a sentence 4 定义： 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分 主要成分： 主语、谓语 次要成分： 宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语 是一个句子所叙述的主体，表明动作是“谁，什么”发出的，一般可由名词、代词、数词、动名词、动词不定式、主语从句等充当。 1. 主语 (S-subject): The car runs fast. She is kind. Eight is a lucky number in China. Swimming is my favorite. To see is to believe. What we need is time. 名词 动名词 动词不定式 代词 数词 主语从句  He reads a book.  The boy likes English.  The river flows.  The sun rises. 及物动词 及物动词 不及物动词 不及物动词 说明主语的动作或状态，一般由及物动词和不及物动词充当。 2. 谓语 (V-verb)： 表示动作、行为的对象；宾语一般可由名词、代词、数词、动名词、动词不定式等充当。  He reads a book.  He loves her.  He wants three.  He likes swimming.  She wants to fly.  He waits for the chance.  He bought her a coat. 名词 代词 数词 动名词 不定式 her：间接宾语；a coat：直接宾语 名词 (介宾) 3. 宾语 (O-object): 用在系动词之后, 说明主语“是什么” “怎么样”；一般可由名词、形容词、动名词、动词不定式、代词、数词、介词短语等充当。  She is a doctor.  The cloth feels soft.  His favorite sport is running.  Your task is to find out the cost.  The helper is him.  The lucky number in China is eight.  She is in the room. 名词 形容词 动名词 代词 不定式 数词 介词短语 4. 表语 (P-predicative)： 状态系动词，表示主语的状态、身份等。常见的系动词有：be 动词 (am, is, are), 半系动词 (stay, keep, turn, remain, get 等)，感官系动词 (feel, smell, taste, sound等)。  I am happy.  The day turns long.  He gets angry.  He seems ill. 系动词 (linking verb): 用来修饰或限制名词或代词的成分; 一般可由形容词、非谓语动词、名词、数词、 冠词、介词短语等充当。  a nice girl  three cups  something to eat  a sleeping baby  the burnt food  a cat in the room  a shoe shop 形容词 现在分词 名词 不定式 数词 介词短语 过去分词 5. 定语 (attribute)： 用来修饰动词, 形容词, 副词或整个句子的成分；说明时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、条件、让步、程度、频率、伴随、目的等; 一般可由副词或介词短语充当。  walk slowly  very good  quite well  He has lived there for ten years. 6. 状语 (adverbial): 用来补充说明宾语的情况。  She encouraged her students to study hard.  He gets the floor clean.  He saw a bird flying ov