内容正文:
语法专题十 时态和语态
考点1 一般现在时
构成
1.主语+am/is/are+其他.
2.主语+动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式+其他.
标志词
always, usually, often, never等频度副词, every day/week/month/year等。
用法
1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作或状态。
2.表示客观事实和真理。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。
3.主将从现:若一个复合句含有由when, after, before, until, as soon as等引导的时间状语从句或由if, unless, as long as, once等引导的条件状语从句, 主句若用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来。
4.表示按计划或安排好的将要发生的动作,用一般现在时表示将来,但仅限于start, begin, leave, go, come, arrive等。
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.(2023·甘肃武威中考改编)If you heat ice, it ______________(turn) into water.
2.(2023·黑龙江绥化中考改编)She said that the earth __________________(travel) around the sun.
考点2 一般过去时
构成
1.主语+was/were+其他.
2.主语+动词过去式+其他.
标志词
yesterday, ago, last night/week/month, just now, in the past, in+过去的年份,long long ago, once upon a time等。
用法
1.表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
2.表示过去经常性或反复发生的动作,常与always, usually, often, sometimes, never等频度副词连用。
3.在since引导的时间状语从句中,从句用一般过去时。
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.(2023·黑龙江绥化中考改编)—How did you get to school yesterday?
—I ____________ (ride) my bike to school.
2.We have visited this town before. Do you remember that restaurant? We __________ (have) dinner there one night.
3.(2023·广西中考改编)Yesterday I ________________(play) basketball with my classmates. We had a good time.
4.(2023·湖北武汉中考改编)Jessica __________________(study) every night before her Chinese test and got good results.
5.(2023·四川泸州中考改编)—Which teacher will you miss the most after graduation?
—Mrs. Chen. She encouraged me a lot when I ________________(fail) the English exam.
考点3 一般将来时
构成
1.主语+am/is/are going to+动词原形+其他.
2.主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他.
标志词
tonight, tomorrow, soon, next week/month, in the future, in a week, in+将来的年份, in+一段时间。
用法
1.be going to+动词原形,表示计划、打算做某事,表示已决定的、很可能发生的事,或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。
2.表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
3.祈使句,and/or+含有将来时态的句子。
4.“be about to +动词原形”和“be to+动词原形”结构,表示即将发生的动作。
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.(2023·河北中考改编)I __________________(go) ice skating this Sunday. Do you want to come?
2.(2023·湖北武汉中考改编)—The car will not start. What can I do?
—Don't worry. Tom and I