内容正文:
如何解决非谓语动词?
非谓语动词是高中英语语法中的重要部分,也是语法填空的必考点。非谓语动词包括不定式、过
去分词、动词一g形式(包括现在分词、动名词)。主要考查考生在具体语言环境中理解句子结构、
分析句子成分的能力。
近年来高考越来越倾向于通过增加试题难度来考查考生对非谓语动词的掌握情况,难度有所上升。
做题的时候,如果看到括号里给的是动词,请先仔细阅读句子,观察结构,判断使用什么形式。若划
线处应填非谓语动词(即句中已有谓语动词,也不是作并列谓语动词或从句谓语动词),先判断所作
成分,之后再考虑运用何种形式。
非谓语动词的形式及句法功能
种类
时态
主动
被动
主语
宾语
宾补
表语
定语
状语
一般式
to do
to be done
不定式
进行式
to be doing
x
完成式
to have done
to have been done
一般式
doing
being done
动名词
完成式
having done
having been done
现在
一般式
doing
being done
+
分
分词
完成式
having done
having been done
词
过去
一般式
done(vt.)
分词
I作状语
非谓语作状语时,其逻辑主语是句子的主语。
1.现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语,与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系(主动)。
His parents died,leaving him an orphan.他的父母去世了,他成了孤儿。
2过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语,与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系(被动)。
Seriously injured,she has to be sent to hospital at once.她受了重伤,必须马上送往医院。
[注意]主动、被动最好不要通过汉语意思来理解,判断时考虑动词及物不及物。
部分过去分词作状语时不表示被动,而表示一种状态。需要作为词组特别记忆。常见的词和短
located,seated,hidden,lost/absorbed/buried in,dressed in,tired of,faced with.
3.不定式作状语
(I)作目的状语,意为“为了;以便”。
To enjoy the convenience of digital payment,many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
为了享受数字支付的便利,许多老年人开始使用智能手机。
(2)用于only to do结构中,作结果状语。
Anxiously,she took the dress out of the package and tried it on.only to find it didn't fit.
她焦急地从包裹里拿出那件衣服试穿,却发现不合身。
(3)用于“主语+系动词十表示情绪的形容词+odo”结构中,作原因状语,。
He was delighted to see that,with the nation's help.Hong Kong's daily infections dropped last week to
about half of their peak.
他高兴地看到,在国家的帮助下,香港上周的每日感染病例已降至峰值水平的一半左右。
即时训练I单句语法填空
①
(address)the problems,Yan improved Dai's papermaking technology,thus saving production
time and reducing labor costs.
2The bread is smeared with honey,
(symbolize)the wish for a sweet year.
3Before the manned mission,the Tianzhou-4 robotic cargo spaceship will lift off in May
(transport)
supplies,experimental materials and fuel to the Tiangong station.
④
(compare)with today's best supercomputers,Jiuzhang can calculate 100,000 billion times faster.
5Music has no obvious adaptive function,
(make)scientists who study music wonder what forces
originally gave rise to