2024届高中英语一轮复习主谓一致讲义

主谓一致 ( 教学目标 ) 1. 掌握主谓一致的原则，会做题。 2. 熟练准确地运用到写作中。 ( 学习内容 ) ( 语法精选精讲 ) [高考考情分析] 题型分类 典题试做 命题解读 语法填空 1．When fat and salt are removed(remove) from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something. 2．I was allowed(allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600­acre centre. 近几年高考对主谓一致的考查主要在语法一致和意义一致，就近一致相对来说考查较少，并且高考常常将主谓一致与动词的时态语态结合起来进行综合考查。 短文改错 1．He would ask who we was→were and pretend not to know us. 2．My dream school look→looks like a big garden. 3．Finally，there were→was a sudden pull at the pole and a fish was caught. 1．名词或代词作主语时主谓一致错误； 2．非谓语动词或从句作主语时主谓一致错误； 3．倒装句的主谓一致错误； 4．“就近”与“就远”原则的错用。 语法一致 1．不定式、动名词和从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。 Swimming in rivers in summer is a good sport，but to swim in rivers in winter needs great willpower. 夏天在河里游泳是很好的运动，但冬天在河里游泳需要极大的意志力。 What he has said leaves much for us to think about. 他说的话发人深省。 2．表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时，通常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 Three thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a boy. 对一个男孩来说，3 000美元是一笔大数目。 Twenty years is a long time. 二十年是很长时间。 Two kilometers is a long way to go on foot. 步行两千米是一段很长的路程。 3．如果主语后面带有as well as，with，along with，together with，rather than，but，except，besides，including，in addition to，in common with等加其他名词时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 Modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers was sent to the village school last week. 上周现代化的教学设备和几百台电脑被送到了那所乡村学校。 You together with your brother have been accepted. 你和你的弟弟都已经被拒绝了。 My classmates expect Tom have learned to use computers． 除了汤姆，我班同学都已经学会用电脑了。 意义一致 1．“a lot of/plenty of/ the rest of/the majority of/half of/most of/some of ...＋名词” 构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词由短语中的名词来确定。 The factory used three fifths of the raw materials，the rest of which were saved for other purposes. 工厂用了这种原材料的五分之三，剩余部分节省出来作为他用。 Three fifths of the books are intended for the poor students. 五分之三的书是为贫困学生准备的。 The rest of the money belongs to you. 剩下的钱是你的。 2．“the＋形容词”表示一类人在句中作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。 On the one hand，the young often think of the old conservative. On the other han