2024年外研版中考 一轮复习英语定语从句讲义

定语从句 导入： 在英语中，以下成分均可以做定语，用来修饰限定某个名词： 1. She is a beautiful girl. __________做定语 2. a walking stick = a stick for walking a reading room = a room for reading a sleeping bag = a bag for sleeping drinking water = water for drinking _______________做定语，表____________ 3. a crying girl a flying bird _______________做定语，表________________ 4. spoken English written English ________________做前置定语，表_____________ 5. a book written by sb a tree planted by sb ________________做后置定语，表______________ 6. I like music that is quiet. that is quiet 叫做_____________,用来限制描述___________, music 叫做______ 一．定语从句的概念： 充当定语作用的从句，用于限制、描绘或说明主句中某一个名词、代词或整个句子。 被定语从句修饰的词叫______________. 二．定语从句的分类： 1. 限制性定语从句：从句与先行词关系密切，不用逗号隔开 I like the music that is quiet. 2. 非限制性定语从句：从句与先行词的关系比较松散，逗号隔开。 We should spend more time learning, which is important. 三．当先行词为物时 1. I like the music that/ which is quiet. I like the music that/which is really loud. I like the music that/ which has great lyrics. 以上句子，先行词是_________,属于________(人/物），关系代词用__________, 关系代词在从句中做__________语，是否可省略_______________. 2. I like the music that/ which I can dance to. I like the music that/ which I can sing along with. 以上句子，先行词是__________,属于________(人/物),关系代词用____________, 关系代词在从句中做_________语，是否可省略_______________. 3.特殊情况： that和which在定语从句中都可指物，且可作主语或宾语。一般情况下，that和which可互换使用，但在以下情况却不可互换。 (1) 用that不用which的情况： 1　 当先行词既有指人，又有指物的名词时 Eg: Little Cindy is looking at the things and people that are around her. They made a list of the movies and the actors that won prizes. 2　 当先行词是some, any, all, none, everything等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时 Eg: You can borrow any book that you are interested in. I want to buy all that I need. 3　 当先行词是形容词最高级、序数词或被这类词修饰时 Eg: This is the biggest box that I can find. 4　 当先行词被the same, the only, the very, the next, the last修饰时 Eg: The last person that gets here will be punished. She was the only student that passed the exam. 5　 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时 Eg: Who was th