Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 1 关系代词 引导的 定语从句 让学生回忆初中所学知识，找到第一题中的定语从句 定语 形容词 名词 介词短语 一、什么是定语？ 非谓语动词 从句 (定语从句） She is a beautiful girl. Amy is a woman teacher. The girl in red is my sister. I have something to say. The boy making face is my son. Japan is a developed country. I like people who smiles a lot. 定语：“定”语相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，常译为“的” 什么可以做定语 定语从句 定义 结构 定语从句 二、什么是定语从句？ 关系词 修饰名词或代词的句子 先行词 关系词 被修饰的名词或代词 引导定语从句的关联词 关系代词 关系副词 who whom that which whose as when where why eg. This is the car which he bought last year. 三、定语从句的分类 限制性定语从句：它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义，书写时不可用逗号分开。 Shanghai is a city (that) I’ve always wanted to visit. 非限制性定语从句：它只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整，书写时往往用逗号分开。 Beijing, which is the capital city of China, is a very beautiful city. 提醒学生非限制定语从句中不用that和why 限制性定语从句与非限定定语从句的区别 (1)功能不同 与先行词的关系 能否去掉 限制性定语从句 是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语 不可去掉，否则主句意义不完整 非限制定语从句 对先行词补充说明 可去掉，去掉后主句意思仍完整。 My elder sister _______ has settled in Beijing sends me e-mail almost every day. My elder sister, ______ has settled in Beijing, sends me e-mail almost every day. who/that who 限制性定语从句 紧跟在先行词后，不用逗号隔开 非限制性定语从句 用逗号与主句隔开 (2)形式不同 He is the man ______ has been removed from the company. The project, _______ lasted three years, cost no less than 1 billion dollars. who which (3)先行词不同 先行词 限定性定语从句 名词、代词或名词性短语 非限定性定语从句 名词、代词或名词性短语或整个句子 This is the best novel _____ I have ever read. The novel, _______ I read last night, is very interesting. She said she had finished her work, ________ I doubted very much. which which that (4)关系词使用情况不同 先行词 限定性定语从句 正常 非限定性定语从句 没有that和why I have told them the reason, for which I changed my mind. 四、定语从句的关系词 关系代词 先行词 在从句中 所作成分 是否可省 that 物/人 主语/宾语/表语 作宾语时可以省略，前有介词时不可省略，此时也不可用that和who which 物 主语/宾语 who 人 主语/宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose(=of which/whom+the+n =the+n+of+which/whom) 物/人 定语 不可以省略 as 物/人 主语/宾语/表语 1. that既可指人(相当于who或whom)也可指物(相当于which)，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。 How do