内容正文:
第二部分 语法专题精讲练
专题二 动词
★专项提升 1 用所给动词的适当形式填空(11 年 14 考)
云南英语RJ
英语
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考点精讲
用所给动词的适当形式填空主要考查:①词性转换;②非谓语变化;③时态和语态变化。
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考向 1 词性转换
1. 动词变名词
(1)填名词的判定方法
①所填词的前面有名词所有格/形容词性物主代词/指示代词/不定代词/限定词/冠词/数词/形容词作定语修饰;
②所填词位于动词或介词后作宾语;
③所填词位于系动词后作表语表示人或物;
④所填词位于句首作主语。
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(2)填名词单数形式的判定方法
①a/an/this/that/every/each/another/either/one/序数词/any other+可数名词单数;
②可数名词单数+be 动词单数形式/动词的单三形式;
③结合上下文语境或者句中对应的提示词, 如:it, its等;
④部分专有名词,如:the Great Wall。
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(3)填名词复数形式的判定方法
①these/those/普通不定代词(many/some/few/a few/both/all/other等)/大于1的基数词/one of(+形容词最高级)/quite a few/a pair of/a couple of/a(great/large)number of/different kinds of/all kinds of+可数名词复数;
②both/either/neither/all/none of+可数名词复数;
③可数名词复数+be 动词复数形式/动词原形;
④结合上下文语境或句中对应的提示词,如:them, their等;
⑤通常用复数或只有复数形式的名词:chopsticks 筷子, clothes 衣服, glasses 眼镜, scissors 剪刀, socks 短袜, trousers 裤子。
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(4)变形方法
①v.+-er
listen→listener(2023.49, 2014.70)
report→reporter(2021.67)
play→players(2015.69)
clean→cleaner climb→climber
design→designer farm→farmer
fight→fighter help→helper
interview→interviewer
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keep→keeper lead→leader
learn→learner own→owner
paint→painter perform→performer
read→reader ride→rider
sing→singer sleep→sleeper
speak→speaker teach→teacher
train→trainer think→thinker
travel→traveler/traveller wait→waiter
work→worker
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注意:以下动词是双写末尾字母再加-er
win→winners(2016.67)
run→runner swim→swimmer
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②v.+-r
dance→dancer(2018.66)
love→lover(2017.69)
drive→driver make→maker
manage→manager produce→producer
smoke→smoker trade→trader
write→writer
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③v.+-or
act→actor collect→collector
direct→director invent→inventor
visit→visitor
注意:以下动词是去掉末尾字母e再加-or
translate→translator
④v.+-ress
act→actress wait→waitress
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⑤v.+-ing
build→buildings(2022.69)
cross→crossing draw→drawing
end→ending feel→feeling
happen→happening mean→meaning
meet→meeting paint→painting
read→reading say→saying
ski→skiing train→training
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注意:以下动词是双写末尾字母再加-ing
begin→beginning swim→swimming
注意:以下动词是去掉末尾字母e再加-ing
hike→hiking skate→skating
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⑥v.+-ion
act→action