专题01 动词的时态语态考点讲义（命题预测+思维导图+考点梳理） -备战2024高考英语语法填空专项考点字典

(3)表示过去按计划、安排将要发生的动作,此用法常见动词有go,begin,leave,arrive,come,return等。 I was coming to visit you later that day,but I had to phone and cancel. 我本打算那天晚些时候去看你,但是我不得不打电话取消了。 8.考点清单七、过去将来时的典型用法 过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。即过去将来时是“立足过去,着眼未来”的一种时态,常用于宾语从句中。 The shop would soon close,and all the people would go home. 这个商店不久将关闭,所有的人将回家。 9.考点清单七、过去完成时四种典型用法 (1)表示到过去某一时间之前动作已经完成即“过去的过去”,常见的时间状语有by...,until...,when...,before...等。 When he was in Beijing, he visited places where he had played as a child. 他在北京的时候游览了他儿时曾玩过的地方。 By the time Jack returned home from England, his son had already graduated from college. 杰克从英国回到家时,他的儿子已经大学毕业了。 (2)表示意向的动词,如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose 等,用过去完成时表示“原本……(事实上未能……)”。 We had expected that you would be able to win the match. 我们原来预料你们能够赢比赛。 (3)表示一个过去的动作先于另一过去的动作发生,这种情况多见于宾语从句。 He remembered that he had left the key at home. 他记得他把钥匙落家了。 (4)过去完成时的常用句型 ①It was the first/second...time that...这是第一/第二……次…… It was the third time that the boy had been late.这是那个男孩第三次迟到了。 ②had hardly...when刚……就……;had no sooner...than一……就……。如: I had hardly opened the door when he hit me.我刚打开门,他就打了我。 He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.他刚买了这辆车,转眼又卖了。 二、动词的语态 英语中的及物动词一般都有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数和句子的时态的不同而变化。 一般现在时 am/is/are done 一般过去时 was/were done 现在进行时 am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were being done 一般将来时 shall/will/be going to be done 过去将来时 Would be done 现在完成时 have/has been done 过去完成时 had been done 三.主动形式表被动意义 1.不及物动词无被动语态, 比如系动词look, sound; (发生)happen, take place; come up; consist of; belong to; die; arrive。 The steel feels cold. 2.read, write, draw, wash, clean, cook, sell 等单词与副词well, easily, smoothly连用表主语的某种属性时, 用主动形式表被动意义。 Nylon cleans easily. 3. want/need/require + doing; be worth doing 想要/需要/要求/值得被做 This book is worth reading. 4.“介词in,on,under 等+名词”构成介词短语表被动意义。 表示方位或目的的介词与含动作意义的名词合用,含被动之意,其意义相当 于该名词相应动词的被动形式,名词前一般不用冠词。常见的有: under control 受控制 under treatment 在治疗中 under repair 在修理中 under discussion 在讨论中 under construction 在施