2024年中考英语一轮复习语法专题 定语从句讲解及练习

定语从句 1. 关系代词引导的定语从句 (1) who 指人, 在从句中作主语。 Yesterday I met the girl who studies in Beijing. 昨天我遇到了一位女孩, 她在北京学习。 (2) whom 指人, 在定语从句中充当宾语, 常可省略。若前面有介词, 则 whom 不可省略, 此时不可用 who 或者 that。 Mrs Wu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. 吴女士就是你们在车上谈论的那个人。 (3) which 指物, 在定语从句中作主语或者宾语, 作宾语时可省略。 若前面有介词, 则 which 不可省略, 此时不可用 that。 (4) that 指人时, 相当于 who 或者 whom;指物时, 相当于 which。 在宾语从句中作主语或者宾语, 作宾语时可省略。 Who is the boy(that/ whom)I saw this morning? 我今天上午看到的那个男孩是谁? (5) whose 通常指人, 也可指物, 在定语从句中作定语。 He knows the girl whose father is a doctor. 他认识那个女孩, 她爸爸是一名医生。 I live in a house whose windows face the south. 我住在一个窗户朝南的房子里。 注意: 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用, 如: look for, look after, take care of 等。 This is the movie which/ that I am looking for. 这就是我正找着看的那部电影。 2. 关系副词引导的定语从句 (1) when 指时间, 在定语从句中作时间状语。 The time when we got together finally came. 我们相聚的时候终于来了。 (2) where 指地点, 在定语从句中作地点状语。 The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 十年前我住的那座房子已经拆了。 (3) why 指原因, 在定语从句中作原因状语。 I don’t know the reason why he looks sad today. 我不知道他今天不开心的原因。 3. 只用 that 引导定语从句的场合 (1) 当先行词是 anything, everything, nothing, something, few, all, none, little, some 等代词时, 或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时。 Have you written down everything that Mr Lin has said? 你把林先生说的话都记下了吗? All that can be done has been done. 能做的都做了。 注意: 当先行词指人时, 偶尔也可以用 who。 (2) 当先行词被序数词修饰时。 The first time that they told me is last night. 他们第一次告诉我是昨天晚上。 (3) 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best film that I have seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 (4) 当形容词被 the very, the only, the same, the last 修饰时。 That is the very dress that I want to buy. 那就是我非常想买的那件裙子。 (5) 当先行词前面有 who, which 等疑问代词时。 Who is the man that is sitting there? 坐在那儿的那位男士是谁? Which is the coat that fits me most? 哪一件是我最合身的外套? (6) 当先行词既有人, 也有动物或者物体时。 Can you remember the writer and his books that we have reported? 你记得我们报道过的那位作家和他的著作吗? 巩固训练（夯实基础） 一、单项选择 ( )1. —Excuse me. Could you tell me ____? —It will leave at 8: 00 a. m. A. how will you go Shanghai B. how you will go to Sha