命题点4 动词的语态-【一战成名新中考】2024江西中考英语·教材精讲练优质课件PPT

2024-02-26
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第二部分 语法专题精讲练 专题二 动词(必考) 命题点4 动词的语态 江西英语 英语 1 (必考:1道) 考点精讲 动词的语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语中有两种语态:主动语 态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者, 而被动语态则 表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。 2 1.被动语态的结构 被动语态的结构为“主语(动作的承受者)+助动词be+及物动词的过 去分词”。常见的被动语态结构如下: 时态 被动语态结构 例句 一般现 在时 am/is/are done We clean the classroom every day.(主动) →The classroom is cleaned by us every day. (被动) 一般过 去时 was/were done Lu Xun wrote the book.(主动) →The book was written by Lu Xun.(被动) 3 时态 被动语态结构 例句 一般将 来时 will/shall/be going to be done They will plant trees tomorrow.(主动) →Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.(被 动) 含情态 动词 情态动词+be done We shouldn't throw waste paper here.(主动) →Waste paper shouldn't be thrown here.(被 动) 续表 4 2.使用被动语态的情况 (1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。如:This watch was made in China. (2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如:Smoking isn't allowed here. (3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。如:Chinese is now spoken all around the world. (4)出于礼貌而不说出动作的执行者。如:My glass was broken this morning. (5)动作的发出者不是人。如:Many houses were washed away by the flood. 5 3.主动语态变被动语态的方法 口诀:宾变主, 主变宾, 谓语动词用被动。 6 注意 主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 主动语态中有些感官动词(如hear, see, watch, notice等)和使 役动词(如make, let等)后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语, 变为被动 语态时, 要把不定式符号to还原。如: hear/see sb. do sth.→sb. be heard/seen to do sth. make sb. do sth.→sb. be made to do sth. 7 4.主动表被动意义的情况 主动表被动的情况 例句 某些系动词(look, sound, taste, smell 等)描述某物特性时 Mooncakes taste delicious. 某些动词(open, lock, write, read, sell, wash, clean, watch, cut, burn, drive等)作 不及物动词, 且它们的主语为物时, 可 用主动结构表被动意义 This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 8 主动表被动的情况 例句 “need/require/want+doing”相当于 “need/require/want+to be done”, to be done 是不定式的被动结构 Your car needs washing. =Your car needs to be washed. sth. be worth doing结构中, doing表示被 动意义 This book is worth reading. 续表 9 考点自测 易错点专练 1.[2023九江三模]The students who are interested in English___ to take part in the English speech contest. A. encourage B. are encouraged C. have encouraged D. are encouraging 2.[2023赣州一模]Peter failed the soccer game and___ to learn from his mistakes so that he could do better next time. A. educates

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命题点4 动词的语态-【一战成名新中考】2024江西中考英语·教材精讲练优质课件PPT
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命题点4 动词的语态-【一战成名新中考】2024江西中考英语·教材精讲练优质课件PPT
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命题点4 动词的语态-【一战成名新中考】2024江西中考英语·教材精讲练优质课件PPT
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命题点4 动词的语态-【一战成名新中考】2024江西中考英语·教材精讲练优质课件PPT
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命题点4 动词的语态-【一战成名新中考】2024江西中考英语·教材精讲练优质课件PPT
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命题点4 动词的语态-【一战成名新中考】2024江西中考英语·教材精讲练优质课件PPT
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