专题二 第三讲 排除干扰选项（课件PPT）-【创新方案】2024年高考英语二轮复习专题辅导与测试（新教材）

——分清两种类型，识破四种手段 第三讲　排除干扰选项 阅读七选五题型要求在所给的7个备选项中选出5个符合文章行文逻辑，与上下文意思连贯的选项。其中，2个干扰项的设置一般与正确选项之间有着高度的相似性或与文章上下文之间存在某种合理的联系。了解命题人设置干扰项的方式和常用手段，有利于快速剔除错误选项，复验正确选项。干扰选项归纳起来有以下两种类型，四种命制手段。 类型(一)　显性干扰型 显性干扰型是指通过明显的辨识标志命制干扰项的套路。常见形式有句式干扰和关键词干扰两种形式。 命制方式1　句式干扰式 [典例]　(2022·全国甲卷节选) ... Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. __40__， the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A．The more friends you make in your lifetime B．The more time you spend in any given country [误区]　A和B两个选项在句式上与空后半句都满足“the more ..., the more ...”句型要求。 [分析]　根据下文“the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices”并结合常识可知，你在一个特定的国家待的时间越长，你就会对这个国家的文化习俗感到越舒适。结合上文中的“various countries”及下文中的“its foreign cultural practices”可知，B项符合语境。A选项虽然吻合此处的句式特点，但是明显不符合语境和行文逻辑。 命制方式2　关键词干扰式 [典例]　(2023·全国甲卷节选) Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person ... •Make yourself wait Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. __38__. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You'll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. B．Start with small tasks E．It can also help us practice more patience [误区]　本题空前和空后句中都出现了practice，选项E中原词复现了practice。 [分析]　根据空前的“the only way ... to practice”可知，设空处及下文会讲到如何练习，结合空后的“Put off watching ... for that cake.”可知，此处讲到的都是一些细微的事情。B项“从小任务开始”承上启下，符合语境。E选项“它也可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”说的是好处，虽然有复现的关键词，但明显不符合语境和行文逻辑。 类型(二)　隐性干扰型 隐性干扰型是指通过隐藏的辨识标志命制干扰项的套路。常见形式有主旨背离和扩缩范围两种形式。 命制方式3　主旨背离式 [典例]　(2023·全国乙卷节选) Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens，says, “__38__. I find during the winter months, plants around th