09 阅读理解 中考题型真题练-轻松跑赢2024年英语中考（通用版）

09 阅读理解 中考题型真题练 要点归纳 知识点 名师点晴 细节理解 常用skimming和scanning(查读)，带着问题读文章，遇上相关信息画上记号，分析比较得出答案，即通过提高阅读的针对性来提高答题速度和准确性。 推理判断 主要考查利用文章所给的信息进行推理判断的能力，纵观全文，在汇集全文提供的各项信息基础上，进行语言正确的逻辑推理，判断作者的动机，推断人物的动机，推断文章的体裁和来源。这类题不能直接从原文中找到答案，必须仔细体会文章的因果关系和事情发展的始末，根据作者的思路,进行合理推断，千万不能根据自己的意愿胡乱推理，也不能只凭常事推理。 词义猜测 旨在考查利用上下文对词、词组及句子的辨别能力，常用技巧如下:(1)通过因果关系猜 测词义。(2) 通过同义词/反义词和同义关系/反义关系猜测词义。(3) 通过构词法猜测词义,若是掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等构词法知识，这些问题便不难解决了(4)通过定义或释义关系猜测词义。(5)根据上下文猜测词义。(6)根据生活常识猜测词义。 主旨大义 通常要求理解全文,能够归纳短文的大意，概括中心思想或选择文章标题。一类是主题句位于段首的演绎型段落，在英语议论文或说明文中有60%~90%的主题句是段落的第一句。第二类是主题句位于段末的归纳型段落。还有一类在文章段落中。因此要注意区分文章的主要信息与次要信息进行总结归纳，有时还需要结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识进行逻辑推理和判断。 中考题型真题练 一、阅读理解 （2023·浙江湖州·统考中考真题）Scientists believe the Earth is 4.6 billion years old. However, the mountains, valleys (山谷), hills, rivers, deserts and forests we see today are much younger than that. For example, Mount Qomolangma is about 60 million years old and the Amazon rainforest is only 10 million years old. The youngest sea in the world is the Baltic Sea, at about 15000 years old. The Earth is always changing because of volcanoes (火山), earthquakes and of course, wind and rain. Some of these changes are very slow and others are quick. Water and ice can make very great changes to the planet. For example, glaciers rivers of ice can cut through mountains and make lakes and deep valleys. Many volcanoes are under the oceans and sometimes they become new islands. This is happening in the South Pacific, near Tonga. It’s normal for our planet to change, but at the moment, scientists think it’s changing faster than usual. Some deserts are growing and many forests are getting smaller. The weather is getting wetter in some places and drier in others, and there are more big storms. According to the research, the sea level will continue to rise in the next hundred years. As a result, many cities will possibly be covered by water and much of the most productive farming areas will be lost. Some island countries are likely to disappear on the map o