外刊精读：Narwhal population affected by underwater noise pollution 海洋噪音污染导致一角鲸数量下降 学案-2024届高三英语一轮复习

2024届高考备考 外刊精读 Day 78 Narwhal population affected by underwater noise pollution 海洋噪音污染导致一角鲸数量下降 教案 文本导读： 一角鲸是一种头上长有长牙的海洋哺乳动物。专家表示，随着气候变暖，海冰融化，船舶航线增多，海洋噪声增加，到2025年，一角鲸有可能会因海洋噪音污染而灭绝。本文介绍这种被人称作 “海洋独角兽” 的动物所面临的生存威胁。 Step 1:词汇温 protruding 突出的，鼓出来的 tusk （动物的）长牙 unicorn of the sea 海洋独角兽 extinct 灭绝的 echolocation （动物的）回声定位 bounce off 从…反弹 lower jaw 下颌骨 marine activity 海洋活动 marine animals 海洋动物 navigation route 航线 soundscape 声景 adapt to 适应 tag 标记，给动物植入定位芯片 track 跟踪 deep dive 深潜 click （鲸鱼等动物）发出短而尖的声音 hunt 捕猎 Step 2: 原文精听+精读 Of all the creatures on the planet, the narwhal is one of the strangest looking. It's a whale which has a large protruding tusk coming out of its head; that's how it got its nickname, the unicorn of the sea. They live in the Arctic Ocean off the coast of Canada, Russia and East Greenland. However, experts say some populations of narwhal could be extinct by 2025, and it's all because of noise pollution. Narwhals rely on echolocation, which they use to find food and navigate their surroundings. The animal produces a sound wave which bounces off an object. They pick this reflected sound up through their lower jaw, and information on features like size and speed passes to their ears. However, increase in human marine activity, as well as climate change, has resulted in the Arctic Ocean becoming noisier, which means it's more difficult for narwhals to rely on sound. Susanna Blackwell, who studies the effects of underwater noise on marine animals, told the BBC that there is noisier activity in the Arctic Ocean than ever because, as sea ice melts, new navigation routes are opening. And while icebergs breaking and creaking have been part of the ocean soundscape for hundreds of years, man-made noise is much harder for animals to adapt to, particularly as these changes are so sudden. Research published in Science Advances in 2023 recorded the reactions of narwhals to the simulated noises of oil expeditions made by a patrol vessel. The scientists tagged and tracked