内容正文:
Unit 3 Diverse Cultures
本单元的中心话题是“文化”,属于“人与社会”的主题语境。中华文化延续着我们国家和民族的精神血脉,既需要薪火相传、代代守护,也需要与时俱进、推陈出新。要加强对中华优秀传统文化的挖掘和阐发,使中华民族最基本的文化基因同当代中国文化相适应、同现代社会相协调,把跨越时空、超越国界、富有永恒魅力、具有当代价值的文化精神弘扬起来,激活其内在的强大生命力,让中华文化同各国人民创造的多彩文化一道,为人类提供正确精神指引。
1. 传统节日词汇
拜年 pay a new year call
爆竹 firecracker
鞭炮 a string of small fire crackers
大扫除 year-end household
灯谜 lantern riddles
庙会 temple fair
年画 new year’ s picture
挂年画 to hang out new year’s picture
年夜饭 family reunion dinner on lunar new year
守岁 to stay awake all night
年糕 glutinous cake for new year
大年初一 the first day of the first lunar month
八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding
对联 poetic couplets
贴春联 to put up antithetical couplets
糊窗花 to put up window paper-cuts
压岁钱 money given to children as a lunar new year gift
2. 民俗词汇
轿子sedans
风车 pinwheel
杂技 acrobatics
魔术 magic
皮影 shadow puppet
糖人 sugar-molded
四合院 courtyard homes
踩高跷 stilt walk
武术 martial arts
人力车 rickshaw
宫灯 palace lantern
猜拳 finger-guessing game
说书 monologue story-telling
老字号 time-honored
相声 cross talk
本命年 this animal year of sb.
处世之道 philosophy of life
姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)
3. 中国独特的传统饮食 (Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)
馄饨 wonton
锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)
春卷Spring Roll(s)
莲藕Lotus Root
花卷 steamed twisted rolls
套餐 set meal
盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away
米豆腐 rice tofu
米粉 rice noodles
冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)
火锅 Hot Pot
八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding
粉丝 glass noodles
豆腐脑 jellied bean curd
北京烤鸭Beijing Roast Duck
小吃摊Snack Bar/Snack Stand
4. 中国古代独特事物 (Unique Ancient Chinese Items)
宣纸 rice paper
衙门 yamen
叩头 kowtow
孔子Confucius
牌楼 pailou;pai-loo
武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)
功夫 kungfu ;kung fu
中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means) 中和 harmony (zhonghe)
孝顺 to show filial obedience
孝子 dutiful son
家长 family head
三纲:君为臣纲,父为子纲,夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife
五常:仁、义、理、智、信 five const