内容正文:
2024中考英语语法复习 知识清单 典型例题 状语从句 专题复习
知识清单
一、状语从句概述
由从句担任的状语,在句子中可修饰谓语(或其他动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句子,它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。
二、状语从句的位置
由从属连词引导的部分为从句。当状语从句在主句之前时,要用逗号与主句隔开;当状语从句在主句末尾,一般不用符号间隔。
三、状语从句分类讲解
(一)时间状语从句
1. 表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till(until), since, once, as soon as 等引导。
(1)When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.
(2)He started as soon as he received the news.
(3)Once you see him, you will never forget him.
2. 在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
(1)I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.
(2)I will tell him everything when he comes back.
(3)He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.
3. 易错辨析
(1)比较while, when, as
① as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。
Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.
② 当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前,只能用when 引导这个从句,不可用as 或 while。
When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.
③ 从句表示“随时间推移”连词能用as,不用when 或while。
As the day went on, the weather got worse.
④ When: 表示时间点,还可以表原因“既然”;还可以翻译成“突然”。
⑤ While: 表示时间段,还可以用来表示对比“而”;while位于句首“尽管”引导让步状语从句。
(2)until 和not …until的区别
① until句子翻译成“动作直到…时候才结束”;与延续性动词连用
I slept until 12 o’clock.
② not…until句子要翻译成“动作直到…时候才开始”;与非延续性动词连用
We didn’t get down to working until Mr. Zhang came in.
(二)地点状语从句
表示主句动作发生的地点,引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。
Sit wherever you like.
Make a mark where you have a question.
(三)原因状语从句
1. 表示原因或理由的,引导原因状语从句的连词是because, since, as , now that(既然)等。
He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.
Now that you mention it, I do remember.
2. 比较:because, since, as和for
(1)语气强弱:because语势最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用as或 since。
I didn't go, because I was afraid.
Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
(2)由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。
He is absent today, because / for he is ill.
He must be ill, for he is absent today.
(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
(四)结果状语从句
1. 表示事态结果的从句,通常主句是原因,从句是结果。由so that(从句谓语一般没有情态动词), so …… that, such …… that等引导。
She was i