2024届高考英语复习阅读理解题特征分析之偷梁换柱讲义

2024-01-24
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阅读理解题特征分析之偷梁换柱 阅读理解题在干扰项设置上使用了“偷梁换柱”“答非所问”“错误联想”等手段,比较明显地使用了“偷梁换柱”这一方法。该干扰方式的特点是,整个选项和原文在表述上粗看差异不大,但在某个细节上却有不同,也正是因为这点差异导致了原文和选项意思的不同。利用该方法编写的选项干扰效果不错,其中的22题和30题让很多学生掉坑里了。现将其记录并分享如下。 偷梁换柱 22. What is guaranteed for volunteers in Costa Rica?      A. Training before departure.  (偷梁换柱)      B. Certificate of participation.  (同义转述)      C. Single-room accommodation. (偷梁换柱)   D. Hand-picked travel companions. (偷梁换柱) 原文: Pre-Departure Guide — Our in-depth pre-departure guide will have all the information you need about your trip & destination, at your fingertips.  Dedicated Trip Coordinator — Hand-picked from an experienced team who've been there, done that and ready to guide you through your entire journey.  Accommodation Meals — Relax in your shared dorm accommodation on-site, with free Wi-Fi and a community atmosphere, and enjoy nutritious Costa Rican cuisine.  Certificate of Completion — In recognition of your hard work and dedication throughout the experience, and it goes very well with your future résumé. 分析:A选项将原文的guide换成了training,二者意思好像差不多。guide有“导游,向导”的意思,容易和“训练”混淆。实际上,原文还有一个短语“at your fingertips”,表明此处的guide应该翻译成“指南,手册”,可以拿在书上随时翻阅查询。因此,不能将guide错误理想成training。C选项将原文中的“shared dorm accommodation”替换成了“single-room accommodation”。更多的学生会错选D选项,没有理解companions和coordinator的区别,前者指旅行团的团员们,后者指旅行社的协调人员,类似导游。学生不了解二者差异(况且companions是复数,非coordinator的单数),看选项的词汇在原文中有复现,意思也差不多就误选了。当然B选项的participation和completion是否相等呢?一般是完成了全程活动,才会颁发证书,表示参与了某某活动,不过很多学生搞不清楚,就很纠结。那么,只能靠排除另外三个干扰项再选了。 30. What is crucial for developing students' intelligent thought according to the 2019 tudy?      A. Intense lab work. (错误联想)      B. Peer pressure and evaluation. (错误联想)      C. Academic interaction with fellows. (同义转述)      D. Engagement with external society.  (偷梁换柱) 原文: A major factor in the graduate students' transformation, Wieman concluded, was their experience of intense social engagement around a body of knowledge — the hours they spent advising, debating with, and recounting anecdotes to one anothe

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2024届高考英语复习阅读理解题特征分析之偷梁换柱讲义
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