Unit 4 History and Traditions 语法总结讲义-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第二册

2024-01-23
| 4页
| 3543人阅读
| 25人下载
普通

内容正文:

2023人教版(2019)英语必修二Unit 4 History and Traditions 语法总结过去分词(短语)作定语 ●过去分词的定义:非谓语动词的一种,也叫-ed分词; ●过去分词的功能:{谓语功能}&{语法功能},表示“被动”和“已完成”意义; 1. 谓语功能:构成谓语,用于“现在/过去完成时,被动语态” (1)“已完成”:We have learned lots of useful knowledge at school. (2)“被动”:The house has been built since 1998. 2. 语法功能 (1)过去分词(短语)作定语时的位置 ① 单个过去分词作定语,位于被修饰词的前面;但修饰something/everything/anything/nothing/somebody/anybody/those等时,要放这些词后面; 【例句】The broken vases have been thrown into the bin. There’s almost nothing changed here since I left the city decades ago. ② 过去分词短语作定语时,位于被修饰语后面; 【例句】I’d like you to look at the report written in English . 【辨析】过去分词(短语)与现在分词(短语)作定语的区别 1. 及物动词的过去分词(短语)作定语,语态上表被动,时间上表示动作已发生/完成,有时也不表示时间性; 不及物动词的过去分词(短语)作定语,不表示被动,只强调动作已完成; 【例句】We will contact the chosen candidates a few days later. (被动/完成) With fallen leaves buried under the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer. (完成) 2. 现在分词(短语)作定语表示主动/正在进行; 【例句】We can see the rising sun. There was a girl sitting there. {注意}有的过去分词/现在分词已被形容词化,此时,过去分词转化成的形容词作定语时,表示被修饰词语所处的状态,表示“感到……的”;现在分词转化成的形容词作定语时,表示被修饰词具有的特征,表示“令人……的”; √a frightening animal 令人害怕的动物 √a frightened animal 受了惊吓的动物 (2)过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语 ① 宾语是其动作的对象:两者有逻辑的动宾关系。表示被动/完成意义,有时两者兼有; 【例句】I found my car stolen. ② 能用过去分词(短语)作宾补的动词 ★1表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词/短语:see/hear/find/notice/observe等;感官动词后+过去分词短语作宾补,表示被动/完成/状态; 【例句】My mum was glad to see the cat taken good care of at home. 【注意】若这些感官动词后作宾补的动词与宾语是主动关系,且强调动作全过程,用省略to的不定式;若是主动关系且正在进行,则用现在分词形式。 【例句】We heard him sing a Chinese song two minutes ago. We heard him singing a Chinese song when we went into the house. ★2表示“使/令/让”等意义的使役动词:have/make/get/keep等; ※① have sth. done:(主语)请/派别人完成某事;(主语)遭受某种不幸情况; 【例句】I’m going to have my hair cut tomorrow. ※②make:make oneself heard/understood/known 让人听到/理解/知道自己 【例句】She can’t make herself understood in English. ※③ get sth. done=have sth. done (主语)让别人完成某事 【例句】I must get my computer repaired. ※④ keep: keep sb. /sth. done “使某人/某事一直处于某种状态” 【例句】Jack put up a poster of his favorit

资源预览图

Unit 4 History and Traditions 语法总结讲义-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第二册
1
相关资源
示范课
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。