专题08：被动语态--备战2024届中考英语专题讲练满分通关（全国通用）

专题08：被动语态（最新真题+名校模拟） 备战2024届中考英语专题讲练满分通关（全国通用） Part I 考点突破 中考考向一：被动语态的基本结构 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 1.什么时候会使用被动语态? (1) 不知道或者没有必要指出动作的执行者。 (2) 强调动作的承受者。 2.被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。它和主动语态一样有人称、数和时态的变化，主要通过系动词be的变化来体现。 主动句： 动作的执行者（主语） + 谓语动词 + 动作的承受者（宾语）+其他 We plant many trees every year. Many trees are planted by us every year. 被动句：动作的承受者（主语）+ be + 动词的过去分词 + by + 动作的执行者+其他 注意： (1) 有时 by短语可以省略。 (2) 主动句的时态是由谓语动词来体现的，而被动句的时态是由be动词来体现的。 中考链接1： 1．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The research group discovered a new kind of insect last week.（改为被动语态） A new kind of insect by the research group last week. 2．（2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题）They sell a lot of things in Oxfam shops to help people in need. (改为被动语态) A lot of things in Oxfam shops to help people in need. 3．（2022·贵州黔西·统考中考真题）Schools usually don’t allow students to wear their own clothes at school. (改为被动语态) Students usually not to wear their own clothes at school. 4．（2023·上海浦东新·统考三模）We can see paper cutting in many parts of China during the Spring Festival.(改为被动语态) Paper cutting can in many parts of China during the Spring Festival. 5.（2023·上海青浦·统考二模）With the help of the recording pen, I’ve written down all the information I need. （改为被动语态） All the information I need written down with the help of the recording pen. 中考考向二：常见不同时态的被动语态及其构成 中考阶段重点掌握以下五种： 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are＋done This kind of bag is made in China. 这种包是在中国制造的。 一般过去时 was/were＋done The task was completed by us yesterday. 这个任务是昨天由我们完成的。 一般将来时 will/shall＋be＋done The project will be finished in a month.这个项目将在一个月内完成。 含情态动词 情态动词＋be＋done Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 青少年们应该被允许选择他们自己的衣服。 现在完成时 have/has been done The homework has been finished by Jim.吉姆已经写完家庭作业了 中考链接2： 1．（2023·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题）—Quite a lot of endangered animals ________ in nature park