最简化之定语从句 学案 2024届高考英语一轮复习

最简化之定语从句 本文内容 1.定语从句的基本概念 2.定语从句的一般用法+特殊用法 3.定语从句的做题步骤 4.定语从句语法填空专项练习（附答案） 5.定语从句翻译练习（取自应用文和读后续写，附答案） 一、定语是什么？ 定语=形容词=“...的”(注：定语不完全等于形容词，此处为了方便理解。因为绝大多数定语是形容词） 定语作用：修饰名词 e.g. He is a pretty boy. e.g. He is a pretty boy who loves singing.（不能写成He is a love singing boy.） 综上可见，如果一个句子(长形容词）修饰名词时，需要将句子置后。而这就是定语从句。 定语从句结构：主句当中的名词后面跟着一个从句（从句当中必有动词），且这个从句对前面的名词起修饰作用。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which 关系副词有：when, where, why 二、定语从句的用法 物作先行词时 1）缺主--用which，that The work that/which has just been finished is very important. 2）缺宾--用which，that，省略 That is the book (that/which) I want to read. 3）缺定--用whose（注：定从中主语由the/a/an/人称形容词物主代词修饰或定从主语是人称主格I/he/she/they/we/it等时，定从中不可能缺定语） This is the house whose window broke last night. 4）不缺--用when，where，why I remember the day when I first came to Beijing. I can’t find the office where he works. I know the reason why he is absent. 5）非限制性时或有介词时--用which （不能用that） This is Beijing,which I have visited for several times. This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. 注：先行词是物，介词后面的关系代词必须是which 人作先行词 1）缺主--用who，that She is the girl who/that lives next door. 2）缺宾--用whom，who，that，省略 That is the girl （whom/who/that）I love. 3）缺定--用whose（注：定语从句中主语由the/a/an/形容词物主代词修饰或定从主语是人称主格I/he/she/they/we/it等时，定从中不可能缺定语） This is the old woman whose achievements are well-known. 4)非限制性时或有介词时--用who，whom（不能用that） She is the girl, who lives next door.（做主语时） That is the girl, whom I hate.（作宾语时） This is the hero of whom we are proud.（作介宾时） 注：先行词是人，介词后面的关系代词必须是whom 三、当关系代词指代前面一件事情的时候（1、非限制定语从句 ；2、先行词为一句话） He was late again, which made the teacher very unhappy. 四、as和which作非限制定从时（指代一句话）的区别 as位置比较灵活，可放句首、句中、句后,且as有“正如”的意思；which只能放在句后 As has been said before, grammar is not a set of dead rules. 五、特殊情况（只能用that不能用which的情况） 1.当先行词是不定代词：all,little,few,much,everything,anything,nothing,none,some Do you have anything (that) you want to say for yourself? 2.当先行词被以下词修饰时：the only,the very,any,every,some,no,all,few,little,much,the right,the last,ju