Unit 5 Into the Unknown Grammar 课件-2022-2023学年高二下学期英语外研版（2019）选择性必修四册

Unit 5 Period 2 Grammar 课 堂 学 习 Review: non clauses 1 Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. a Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars, it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people. b But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities. c Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a mystery. 1 Which sentence contains a clause that serves as the subject of the sentence? 2 Which sentence contains a clause that serves as the object of the sentence? 3 Which sentence contains a clause that gives further information about the subject in the sentence? 4 What do “how”, “what” and “why” in each sentence refer to? Sentence c. Sentence a. Sentence b. In sentence a, "how" refers to the extent of power of Ancient Maya civilisation’s secrets; in sentence b, "what" refers to the thing that the Maya to abandon most of their great cities; in sentence c, "why" refers to the reason that Maya civilisation collapsed. Now look for more sentences with noun clauses in the reading passage. 1 Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle. 2 What is most extraordinary about these complex structures is how they were built without the use of wheels, metal tools or even animal power. 3 The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious. 4 ... it is possible that the Maya people unknowingly reduced their ability to deal with natural disasters. 【语法讲解】 ①名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句四种。 ②名词性从句的连接词可以分为三类。从属连词that，whether，if等，其中that没有实际意义，不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用；whether和if有“是否”之意，但同样不充当句子成分。连接代词what，whatever，who，whoever，whom，whomever，whose，which，whichever等不但起连接作用，而且均有实际意义，在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。连接副词when，whenever，where，wherever，how，however，why也均有实际意义，在从句中作状语。 ③如何选择名词性从句的连接词？首先需要判断并分析从句，看一看从句的成分和句意是否完整。如果从句不缺成分且句意完整，则选择that；如果从句不缺成分但句意不完整，表示“是否”的意思，则选择whether或if；如果从句缺少成分，则需根据句意选择连接代词或连接副