内容正文:
第一节 有提示词类
[对应学生用书P62]
角度1 提示词为动词的3种考向
考向1 谓语动词
一、动词的时态
首先,分析句子结构,若句中无谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但设空处与之是并列关系,设空处就用谓语动词。填谓语动词时,一定要根据时间状语、上下文或并列谓语判断动词的时态和语态。此外注意谓语动词的数是否和主语保持一致。
方法1 时间状语判断法
(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As a little girl, I ________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I'm living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
解析 wished 考查时态。根据空前的“As a little girl”和空后的“when I grew up”“Now,I'm living out that dream”可知,空处讲的是作者小时候的愿望,故时态应用一般过去时,所以空处需要填wished。句意:作为一个小女孩,我希望我长大后成为一名动物园管理员。
(2022·全国甲卷)In the last five years, Cao ________(walk) through 34 countries in six continents.
解析 has walked 句意:在过去的五年中,曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家。根据时间状语in the last five years可知,应用现在完成时,主语Cao为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has walked。
(2023·全国乙卷)I ________ (amaze) by the coexistence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
解析 was amazed 考查时态、语态、和主谓一致。句意:在过去的10年里,我来过几次,我惊叹于新与旧的共存,以及一个城市如何能够在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的遗产。此处陈述过去的事情,应用一般过去时;I和amaze之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填was amazed。
(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example,________(form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.
解析 formed 句意:例如,汉斯·斯隆爵士收藏的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。分析句子结构可知,“collected by Sir Hans Sloane”是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰名词objects,故空处是谓语动词,根据该句时间状语“in 1759”可知,主句谓语所表示的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。主语objects与form“构成”是主动关系,故填formed。
(2020·浙江卷7月)By about 6000 BC, people ________(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
解析 had discovered 考查动词的时态。分析句子成分可知,句中除了提示词外无其他谓语动词,且主语和提示词之间为主谓关系,本句中时间标志词By about 6000 BC为“by+过去的时间点”结构,意为“到……为止”,句子应用过去完成时,故填had discovered。
(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.
解析 have reported 句意:近年来,在努勒维特一些因纽特人报告说,在人类居住地附近看到北极熊的次数有所增加,这让人们以为熊的数量正在增加。根据该句时间状语“In recent years”可知,本句应用现在完成时,故填have reported。
Since the 1980s, with the quickening of urbanization, many traditiona