专项13 句子种类-【辽海备考】2024年中考英语总复习（辽宁专用）

3 专项13句子种类 为》复习要求 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句的结构与用法。 ②知识梳理 一、陈述句 L.肯定式 结构：主语+谓语+其他。 The boy always helps others. 2.否定式 (1)加not构成的否定句。 Man can't live without water. (2)由no,never(从不)，nobody,.nothing,.little,.few,seldom,hardly,too.to.,neither.. nor,none等构成的否定句。 There are few students in the classroom. (3)否定提前：按语意应放在that从句中的否定词not被前移到主句的谓语动词中，这 种情况用于think,believe,suppose等动词。 I don't believe it will be very cold tomorrow. 二、疑问句 1.一般疑问句 把be动词、助动词、情态动词置于句首，用Yes/No来回答的疑问句。 Can he come tomorrow? Do you like singing? Is there anything wrong with your car? Would you like some drinks? 2.特殊疑问句 用疑问代词、疑问副词或疑问词组提问的句子，不能用YsNo来回答。 (1)疑问代词：what,who,which,whose,whom. (2)疑问副词：when,where,why,howo (3)疑问词组：how long,how soon,how often,how far. -How soon will the concert begin?-In 20 minutes. -How long have you lived here?-For five years. -How often do you watch television?-Once a week. 76 第一部分基础知识与运用 ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★ 3.反义疑问句 (1)构成：陈述句+简略问句。 简略问句的时态与陈述句保持一致，人称、助动词(b动词，情态动词)形式上前后 呼应。前肯后否，前否后肯。 There is a tree in front of the building,isn't there? He is often late for school,isn't he? Jim isn't a student,is he? (2)前面否定后面肯定的反义疑问句在回答时，需根据其实际情况，实际情况是肯定 的，则用Ys+肯定结构，实际情况是否定的，则用No+否定结构。 -You can't speak English,can you? 一Yes,Ican.(不，我会的。) 4.选择疑问句：选择疑问句是用连接询问的两部分，以供选择，答案必须是完整的句 子或其省略形式，不能用Yes/No回答。 一Are you Jim or Tom? -I'm Tom. 三、祈使句 1.用以表示命令、请求或建议，主语通常省略 2.肯定式谓语用动词原形，否定式用“Dom'1+动词原形”。 Stand up,please./Don't be afraid. 四、感叹句 用以表示快乐、痛苦等强烈感情的句子称为感叹句。 感叹句有用how或what开头的两种形式。 1.how开头的感叹句 (1)How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语。 How beautiful the flower is! (2)How修饰动词，句型是“How+主语+谓语”。 How I wish I could hear Beethoven himself play it! (3)How+形容词（副词），省略主语和谓语。 How interesting (it is)! 2.what开头的感叹句 (1)What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语。 What a nice horse it is！ What fine weather！ What good news！ (2)What(a)+名词！ What a pity！ 77 €典例导析日 例1(2023凉山中考) clean the classroom is! -So it is.The students clean it every day. A.How B.What C.What a D.How a 【点拔】考查感叹句。句意：“多么干净的教室！”“确实是。学生们每天都打扫。”感叹 句的句型构成之一：How+形容词+主语+谓语+！ ●正确答案：A 例2(2022云南中考) will Liu Yang s