2024年中考语法串讲 第一讲 宾语从句

COMPANY SLOGAN 汇报人：千库网 汇报日期：202X 第一讲 宾语从句 2024中考总复习语法串讲 中考考查重点： 1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择； 2. 宾语从句的语序； 3. 宾语从句的时态。 1.考向一: 宾语从句的种类； 2. 考向二: 宾语从句的语序； 3. 考向三: 宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题。 考向一: 宾语从句的种类 1. 由that引导，that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和 连接副词when, where, why, how引导， 宾语从句中充当某个成分。 Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?（宾语） He asked whose handwriting was the best.（定语） Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?（表语） I don’t know why the train is late.（状语） 3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是 “是否”。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 考向二: 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语+谓语的顺序。 1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。 He is an honest boy. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy. 2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。 Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if/whether he works hard. 考向三: 宾语从句的时态 1. 主句是现在的（一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语+谓语的顺序。 I remember he gave me a book yesterday. He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrrow. I don’t think (that) you are right. 2.主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用相应过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 He told me that he would take part in the high jump. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. 3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，不受限制，该用一般现在时 Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. He told me that the earth is round. that引导的宾语从句 that 引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。 that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常可以省略。 一、that 引导的宾语从句的用法 1. 位置：放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。 ①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如：　 She says that she will help me learn English this evening. 她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。 ②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如： He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗