内容正文:
定语从句解析
限制性定语从句+非限制性定语从句
什么是定语?
定语就是形容词
如beautiful handsome
形容词一般修饰( )
形容词修饰名词(作定语)
1.单独一个单词作形容词会放名词前
2.介词短语,名词所有格,动名词短语,动词不定式短语,句子等做形容词(定语)放名词后面
所以,定语从句可以理解为形容词性从句
句子成分:构成句子的各个部分
什么是句子?
英语五种基本句型:
1.主语+系动词+表语
2.主语+谓语(不及物动词)
3.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
4.主语+谓语(及物)+间接宾语+直接宾语
5.主语+谓语(及物)+复合宾语(宾语+宾补)
什么是从句?
举个栗子:The girl who often helps with my English is from England.
所谓从句就是使用一个句子充当某个句子成分
从句有主语从句,宾语从句,定语从句,状语从句等
换句话说,连接词后面的句子就是从句
各个从句连接词包括:that,whether,if,what,who,which,whatever,whoever,whichever,whom,whose,how,when,where,why
When I came into the room , he was writing a letter.
(连接词) (从句) (主句)
This is a book that interests a large number of people.
(主句) (先行词) (从句)
因此,定语从句就是跟在名词后面做形容词作用的句子。
定语从句的结构:
先行词+关系词+句子
关系副词
关系代词
在定语从句中,
关系词+句子=定语从句 先行词=名词
当从句完整(有主谓宾),关系词用关系副词。当从句成分残缺(主谓宾不完整),则用关系代词
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
人:who whom
物:which that
xx的:whose
1.when指时间,可做连接词用。
2、where指地点
3、why指原因
当从句完整(有主谓宾),关系词用关系副词(when指时间,where指地点,why指原因)。
当从句成分残缺(主谓宾不完整),则用关系代词(who whom物:which that,xx的:whose)
The vegetables that people leave uneaten are often the most nutritious
Potato,which people often leave uneaten ,is very nutritious
对比两个句子
非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句=先行词+ ,+关系词+句子
关系词不可省略,that和why不可用于非限制性定语从句
which引导的非限制性定语从句,其先行词可以是主句中的一个名词(指物),也可以是整个句子,which在从句中可作主语、宾语或定语等,不可省略。
St Petersburg, which is a very beautiful city, was once called Leningrad.
Beijing, which is the capital of China, has a very long
history.(which指Beijing,在从句中作主语)
This is New York, which I have visited for several times.
(which指前面的整个主句, 在从句作主语)
非限制性定语从句
as可修饰整个主句,而不是某一个单词,常常可以译为“正如,正像;这”,而which 一般译为“这”;as是关系词中唯一可以置于句首的关系词。
As the saying goes, “A year's work begins with spring.”
介词 + 关系代词也可引导非限制性定语从句,介词前置,关系代词也不可省略,如不用why而是用for which
The car, for which I paid a lot of money, is now out of date.
名词/代词/ 数词+ of + whom/which引导的
非限制性定语从句。
注:whose+ n. (人/物)
= the + n. + of whom/which
= of wh