非谓语动词讲义与练习-2024届高三英语二轮复习

非谓语动词 2 三．动词ed形式作定语、状语和宾语补足语 [观察例句] 写出下列句中动词ed形式的作用 ①We should drink boiled water. 前置定语 ②A water and soil conservation project set up in 1989 resulted in farmers replacing their crops with trees or grass.后置定语 ③Seen from the moon，the earth，with water covering about 70% of its surface，appears to be a blue ball.时间状语 ④Frightened by the thunder and lightning in the night，the girl did not dare to sleep alone in her room.原因状语 ⑤Given another chance，he will do it better.条件状语 ⑥ The boy sat at the table buried in his homework.伴随状语 ⑦We need to get the machine repaired at once as we want to use it in our experiment tomorrow.宾语补足语 ⑧ With all the work done，we went to play basketball. 宾语补足语 [归纳用法] 一、作定语 及物动词的ed形式通常表示被动和完成意义；不及物动词的ed形式仅仅表示完成。 1．前置定语：单个的动词的ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。 He is a respected teacher in our school. 在我们学校他是一位受尊敬的老师。 2．后置定语：动词的ed形式短语作定语通常要置于被修饰的名词之后。 This is a letter written in blue ink. 这是一封用蓝墨水写的信。 [名师点津]　 (1)如果被修饰词是由some/any/no＋thing/body/one构成的不定代词或指示代词those等时，即使是单个的动词的ed形式作定语，也要放在被修饰词之后。 There is almost nothing changed since I left the town two years ago. 自从我两年前离开这个镇以来，几乎没有什么变化。 (2)有时为了强调还可将单个的动词的ed形式置于被修饰的名词之后。 They decided to change the material used. 他们决定改变所用的材料。 (3)动词的ed形式及其短语作定语时，一般均可以转换为一个定语从句。 The experience gained(＝which/that has been gained)will be of great value to us. 获得的经验将对我们很有价值。 The suggestion sent to the committee(＝which/that had been sent to the committee)was adopted. 呈送给委员会的建议被采纳了。 [即学即练1]　单句语法填空 ①Because of pollution，the caught(catch)fish were not fit to eat. ②Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time spent(spend)with his students. ③The book, written(write)by Lu Xun，is popular with many Chinese people. ④Do you remember the problems discussed(discuss)at the last meeting? 二、作状语 动词ed形式作状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，与主语是被动关系。动词ed形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件等，有时可带有连词。 1．作时间状语。 When offered help，one often says“Thank you”or“It's kind of you”． 当被提供帮助时，人们常说“谢谢你”或“你真好”。 2．作原因状语。 Praised in class，Anne felt happy. 在课堂上受到了表扬，安妮感到高兴。 3．作条件状语。 If taken according to the