内容正文:
精讲册云南英语
第
二
部
分
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
专题二 动词
知识必备 动词的分类
1. 实义动词:表示动作或状态ꎬ在句中能独立作谓语的动词ꎮ
类别 特点 例词 例句
及物动词
(vt. )
必须带宾语ꎬ及物
动词有被动语态ꎮ
achieveꎬ borrowꎬ considerꎬ
encourageꎬ hold
We can borrow books from the library.
The competition will be held on July 20th.
不及物动词
(vi. )
无需接宾语ꎬ也不
能用于被动语态ꎮ
appearꎬ argueꎬ arriveꎬ comeꎬ
danceꎬ rise
The sun rises in the east.
既可作及物动词
也可作不及物动
词(vt. & vi. )
以上 两 种 特 点 皆
有ꎮ
acceptꎬ askꎬ believeꎬ chooseꎬ
developꎬ prepareꎬ study
Believe meꎬ this dress is suitable for you.
I believe in you.
2. 连系动词:用来辅助主语的动词ꎬ它本身有意义ꎬ但不能单独作谓语ꎬ其后必须跟表语ꎮ
类别 例词 例句
状态系动词 be
She is a student in Sunshine Middle School.
My father is tall and strong.
感官系动词 lookꎬ feelꎬ smellꎬ soundꎬ taste The flowers smell sweet.
表“变化”的系动词
becomeꎬ comeꎬ fallꎬ getꎬ goꎬ
growꎬ turn
The bread has gone bad.
表“像”的系动词 lookꎬ seemꎬ appear He seems quite happy.
持续系动词 keepꎬ stayꎬ remain She knew she must keep calm.
3. 助动词:本身无意义ꎬ不能单独作谓语ꎬ只能和主要动词一起构成谓语ꎬ或构成疑问句及否定句ꎮ
类别 作用 例句
be ( amꎬ isꎬ areꎬ wasꎬ wereꎬ
beenꎬ being)
用于构成进行时态和被动语态ꎮ
My mother is cooking now.
The book was written by Lu Xun.
have (hasꎬ had) 用于构成完成时态ꎮ I have studied English for six years.
do (doesꎬ did)
用于构成疑问句和否定句ꎻ用于倒
装句、加强说话的语气及代替前面
刚出现的动词(避免重复)ꎮ
—Do you live in China?
—Yesꎬ I do.
He didnt accept my invitation.
Do be quiet!
Only then did I realize it.
shall (should)和 will (would)
用于构成将来时( shall 仅用于第
一人称ꎬwill可用于各种人称)ꎮ
Shall I open the window?
Will you still remember me ten years later?
I will move to the countryside next year.
4. 情态动词(有关情态动词的具体用法见本专题命题点 3)
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精讲册云南英语
第
二
部
分
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
命题点 1 动词词义辨析(必考)
考点精讲
动词词义辨析主要考查:①实义动词词义辨析ꎻ②近义动词词义辨析ꎻ③感官动词词义辨析ꎮ 解
答动词词义辨析类试题ꎬ首先要明确选项中各个动词的含义ꎬ然后分析语境ꎬ找出关键词或者前后的
逻辑关系ꎬ确定正确答案ꎬ因此熟记各个动词的含义是很重要的ꎮ
考点精练
1. (2023 天津)To keep healthyꎬ Damings grand ̄
parents in a park every day.
A. exercise B. cough
C. sleep D. wait
2. —Henry always tries his best to overcome all
kinds of difficulties.
—So he does. We all his strong spirit
in life.
A. expect B. admire
C. remind D. s