2024年中考英语专项复习句法部分： 被动语态课件

2024年中考英语专项复习 句法部分：被动语态课件 （含2023中考真题） 目录 一般现在时的被动语态 一般过去时的被动语态 一般将来时的被动语态 主动语态变被动语态 《西游记》中沙僧有三句经典台词，你知道 是哪三句吗？ 大师兄，师傅被妖怪抓走了！ 大师兄，二师兄被妖怪抓走了！ 大师兄，师傅和二师兄都被妖怪抓走了！ 这三句话都是汉语中的“被”字句。它们应该如何翻译成英语呢？请你试试吧！ Senior Brother, Master was captured by Monster. Senior Brother, Second Senior Brother was captured by Monster. Senior Brother, Mater and Second Senior Brother were captured by Monster. 这三个句子都用到了“被动语态”。 英语中的“被动语态”=汉语中的“被”字句 语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词的关系。如果主语是动作的执行者，则使用主动语态。如果主语是承受者，则使用被动语态。 Monster captured Master and Second Senior Brother. Master and Second Senior Brother were captured by Monster. 主语—capture这个动作的发出者 capture这个动作的承受者 动作的发出者 主语—动作的承受者 More examples Before newspapers or the internet were invented, how did news spread? Xi'an, one of the 4 ancient capitals of China, was built over 3,000 years ago. Our school is closed due to the snow. In China, tiger is seen as a symbol of strength and bravery. 被动语态的构成 The bridge was destroyed by engineers. 被动语态由“be动词+过去分词”构成。如果要特别强调动作或 行为的执行者时，句子后面需要接by...，译为“被/由......”。例如： History is made by people. be动词要根据人称、数和时态发生变化，be动词后面的过去分词不变。 被动语态的时态 一般现在时 被动语态的各种时态是通过be动词的时态变化来体现的。be动词是什么时态，全句就是什么时态。 以give为例，其一般现在时的被动语态为： am / is / are given We are paid by the hour. Longjing Tea is mainly produced in mountains surrounding West Lake in Hangzhou. 一般过去时 以give为例，其一般过去时的被动语态为： was / were given I was on holiday in Bangkok when this photo was taken. The first vaccine was made in 1796 by the English doctor Edward Jenner for the disease smallpox. More than 54 million used books were sold online in the UK last year. 一般将来时 以give为例，其一般将来时的被动语态为： shall / will be given More subway lines will be built in the future. The new film will be shown next Thursday. When will these books be published? We shall be punished if we break the rule. 主动语态变被动语态 请你说一说，下面的句子结构发生了怎样的变化？ The boy broke the window yesterday. The window was broken by the boy yesterday. 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 主语 谓语（被动） 宾语 状语 口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词变被动。 He sold some of the fish