高考英语语法词汇专项突破：01重点语法易错易混点（被动语态、by+Ving和情态动词）

高考英语语法词汇专项突破：01重点语法易错易混点（被动语态、by+Ving和情态动词） 被动语态、by+Ving和情态动词的用法，现将它们的易错易混点总结如下： 【误用1】Our house is being knocking down to make way for a new road. 【指正】knocking改为knocked。 现在进行时的被动语态构成是：is/are being done，表示谓语动词动作正在被进行，句子主语与谓语动词之间是动宾关系。 【运用】A meeting on education is being held in Shanghai. 【误用2】When the ship sank we had to save ourselves with swimming. 【指正】with改为by by doing是“介词by+动名词”形式，表示方式或者手段，在句子中作方式状语。 【运用】 He lightened his bag by taking out some books. 【误用3】—Can’t you stay a little longer? —It’s getting late. I really may go now. My daughter is home alone. 【指正】may改为must或have to。 情态动词may在肯定句中表示“可以”，即说话人同意或者许可。根据“天晚了” 和“女儿一个人在家”看出说话人要走，可以理解为认为必须走了，用must，或者因为前后句子提出的事实情况，认为客观情况使得不得不走，用have to。 【运用】She must think rapidly, make a plan, make some use of her knowledge. 【误用4】— I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic. —Do you mean we shan’t bring anything with us? 【指正】shan’t改为needn't。 情态动词need表示“必要”，用于疑问句和否定句中，不能用于肯定句。如果作为实意动词则不受此限制，可以用于肯定句，跟动词不定式或动名词作宾语，其中动名词主动形式表示被动意义。 【运用】As long as the green hills are there, one needn't worry about firewood. You need to be fluent in English and be good at using computers. 【误用5】Because of the heavy rain, the public meeting has been putting off. 【指正】putting改为put。 现在完成进行时一般不用被动语态形式，现在完成时的被动语态构成形式是：have/has been done。主语the public meeting与谓语动词put off是动宾关系，所以用现在完成时被动语态。 【运用】A working party has been set up to look into the problem. These operations have been carried out according to schedule. 【误用6】Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He should have drunk too much at the party last night. 【指正】should改为must或后加上not。 should have done意思是“本来该做某事”，事实上没有做，其否定形式shouldn't have done表示“本来不该做某事”，事实上已经做了。must have done是对过去发生的事实情况进行推测。 【运用】He noticed her necklace. Such jewels must have cost thousands, he thought. 【误用7】My mom suggests that we shall eat out for a change this weekend. 【指正】shall改为should，或者删掉could。 suggest, advise, order, demand等表示“建议、要求、命令”意义的动词跟宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，其中的should也可以省掉，即用虚拟语气。 【运用】He advised that the new types (should)