02.冠词与数词-2024年中考一轮复习英语语法基础复习与巩固

2024年中考一轮复习英语语法基础复习与巩固 冠词与数词 第一部分　冠词 一、不定冠词的用法 用　法 举　例 泛指人或事物的类别 A plane is a machine that can fly. 泛指某人或某物 A boy is waiting for you. 表示数量“一” He is an honest boy. 用于习惯用语中 a lot　have a rest　a little　in a hurry 【辨析】a与an辨析 a 用在读音以辅音音素开头的词前 an 用在读音以元音音素开头的词前 【提示】即使单词拼写以辅音字母开头,如果词的读音是元音音素开头,也要用an。反之,即使拼写以元音字母开头,但读音是辅音音素开头,要用a。例如:an hour;a university。 【基础练习】用不定冠词a或an填空 1.There’s ____________ black pencil on the desk. 2.I had ____________ apple and two eggs for breakfast. 3.Mrs Smith bought ____________ umbrella for her daughter yesterday. 4.The student who is singing is ____________ European girl. 5.We had ____________ good time in the park. 二、定冠词的用法 用　法 举　例 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物 The girl in a hat is my sister. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物 Open the door, please. 指上文已经提到的人或事物 Here is a book. The book is Jim’s. 用于世界上独一无二的事物前 The moon goes around the earth. 用在方位名词的前面 The sun rises in the east. 用在西方乐器名词的前面 He often plays the violin after school. 用在普通名词构成的专有名词前 the Yellow River, the Great Wall 用在复数姓氏的前面表示一家人或夫妇 The Greens are watching TV. 用在序数词和最高级的前面 The third truck carries the fewest of all. 用在习惯用语中 in the morning, at the foot of 【知识拓展】短语中有无定冠词的区别 ①　　② ③ ④ 【基础练习】用a、an或the填空 1.There’s ____________ girl dancing under the tree. 2.____________ story of Three Visits to the Hut is about Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang. 3.____________ boy riding a bike is Jim. 4.____________ sun goes down in the west. 5.There is ____________ orange on the table. ____________ orange smells very sweet. 6.Linda is practicing playing ____________ piano. 三、零冠词的用法 不用冠词的情况(零冠词) 举　例 名词前已经有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或所有格修饰时 This is my book. That is Jim’s book. 名词复数表示类别时 They are workers. 在表示球类、学科和三餐的名词前 We often play basketball or learn Chinese after breakfast. 在某些专有名词前,如国度、人名、地名等 Mr Brown is from America. 当不可数名词表示一般概念或类别时 Paper is made from wood. 在星期、季节、月份等名词前 Spring comes after winter. 在称呼、头衔、职务前 Where’s my bag, Mum? 在公共节日、假日名词前 March 8th is Women’s Day. 在表示交通方式的介词短语中 Did you come by