2024届高考英语语法专题讲义之连词篇

连词 一、连词的含义及分类 ①连词是用来连接单词、短语、从句或句子的虚词,在句中不能单独作句子成分; ②按性质分为:并列连词和从属连词; ③并列连词连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子，有（并列、选择、转折、因果四大类） ④从属连词主要引导三大从句(名词性从句，定语从句，状语从句) 二、并列连词 1.表示并列关系的 and (和) both..and (....都)[(V.用复数) not only ..but also (不...而且..(V就近原则)] neither ..nor (既不..也不..(V.就近原则) as well as (也，又)(V.就远原则) Go along the street andyou'll find the library.(沿着这条街走，你就会找到图书馆。) Both my father and my mother are workers.(我的爸爸和妈妈都是工人。) Not only you but also he wants to go hiking.(不仅你，而且他也想去徒步旅行。) NeitherI nor he has been to Bejing before.(我和他以前都没去过北京。) He as well as I is responsible for it.(不只是我，他对此事也有责任。) 2.表示选择关系的 or (或者:否则) eiter..Or..(要么..要么..) (V.就近原则) rather than (而不是) whether...or..(是...还..) not..but...(不是..而是...) Which do you prefer, white or black?(你更喜欢哪一个，白色还是黑色?) Put on your coat,or you'll catch a cold.(穿上你的外套，否则你会感冒的。) Either you or I am right. (要么你是对的，要么我是对的。) please tell us whether to go or stay. (请告诉我们是去还是留下。) He is an explorer rather than a sailor.(与其说他是个海员，不如说他是个探险家。) she is not a teacher but a nurse. (她不是一名教师，而是一名护士。) 特别提示 祈使句和If引导的条件状语从句可以互相转换 Study hard，or you won't pass the exam.努力学习，否则你通不过考试。（祈使句+or+陈述句前 后是对立的） Study hard， and you will pass the exam.你就会通过考试。（祈使句+and+ 陈述句 前后是顺承的） If you don't study hard, you won't pass the exam. If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3.表示转折关系的 but(但是)(常用于口语) while(然而)连接内容或结构对称的句子，对比两件事物) however(然而，但是)(较正式的说法) I want to help you, but I really don't know what to do.(我想帮你，但我真不知道该做些什么。) Tina didn't pass the final exam. However, she didn't lose heart.(蒂娜没有通过期末考试。然而，她没有灰心。) Jane is hard-working while her sister is quite lazy.(简工作很努力，然而她的妹妹却相当懒。) 4.表示因果关系的 so (因此)(表示结果，后接表结果的句子) for(因为，由于)(补充说明理由，不用于句首) He is not at school today, for he had a bad cold.(他今天没去上学，因为他得了严重的感冒。) I am very tired, so I want to have a rest.(我很累了，所以我想休息一下。) 三、从属连词 1.引导时间状语从句的 as soon as (一...就.) until (直到) since (自从) before (在..之前) after (在..之后) when (当...的时候) while (当...的时候) as (当...的时候) when:从句中谓语动词可以是延续性，也可以是非延续性 while :从句中谓语动词只能是延续性，侧重主从句动作同时发生 as:引导延续性动作，主从句动作同时