Unit 3 Diverse Cultures：Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures-（学案）-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年高一英语同步学与练（人教2019版必修第三册）

Book 3 Unit 3 Diverse Cultures Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures 01 预习导学 省略前提: 主谓宾, 定状表, 如有重复可删掉。 省略原则: 词语省略后, 不致令人费解。 02 课堂探究 在英语语言中，为了使语言简洁明了，重点突出或上下文紧密相连，可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变，这种语言现象叫省略。比较常用的省略句有以下几种： 一．简单句中的省略 1.省略主语 祈使句中的主语通常被省略; 其他省略主语的情况多限于少数现成的说法 ① Come in, please. ② See you tomorrow. ③ Thank you for your help. ④ Beg your pardon. ① (You) Come in, please. ② (I) See you tomorrow. ③ (I) Thank you for your help. ④ (I) Beg your pardon. 2.省略谓语部分 ① Sounds a good idea. ② Have a smoke? ③ Something to drink? ④ This way, please. ① (It) Sounds a good idea. ② (Will you) Have a smoke? ③ (Would you like) Something to drink? ④ (You come) This way, please. 3.省略宾语 当上、下或前后两个句子的宾语一致时, 下句或后句常省略宾语。 1).可以省略宾语的全部 ① --- Do you know Miss Hu? --- I don't know (her). ② Tom enjoys dancing, but Peter hates (dancing). 2).可以省略作宾语的动词不定式, 只保留to, 但如果该 宾语是由动词be构成的不定式或不定式的完成形式, 则须在to后加上be或have。 ① Don't touch anything unless the teacher tells you to touch . ② --- Are you a teacher? --- No, but I want to be a teacher . ③ --- He hasn't finished the task. --- Well, he ought to have finished it . 4.省略表语 答语或下文中与上文结构相似的表语可省略。 ① --- Are you thirsty? --- Yes, I am (thirsty). ② His brother isn't lazy. Nor is his sister (lazy). 5. 感叹句的省略 在what和how引起的感叹句中, 常省略主语和be动词。 What a beautiful city (it is)! (这是)多么美丽的城市呀！  二、并列句中的省略 两个并列分句中,后一分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。 1. 若主语或宾语相同, 省略共同的主语或宾语。 ① Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't (come to school to see me the next day). ② Lin's father was not at home, but his mother was (at home). 2. 若主语与谓语动词相同, 则省略后面的主谓成分。 His advice made me happy, but (his advice made) Jim angry. 3. 若主语不同, 而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同, 则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。 Jack must have been playing football and Mary must have doing her homework. Jack must have been playing football and Mary doing her homework. 4. 若主语不同, 但主要动词及后续部分相同, 则省略后面的主要动词及后续部分。 I was born in winter in 1988 and Bob (was born in win