（教师精讲版）专题 12 语法填空 -【暑假起跑线】2023-2024学年新高一语法+题型先学（新高一适用）

专题12 语法填空 衔接储备 题型特点 语篇型填空是在一篇200词左右的语言材料中留出10个空白,部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式,要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式.解题方法和步骤: 1.先通览全文,了解有关信息,了解大意分析句子结构,确定词性. 2.通过上下语义逻辑,锁定词形. 3.观察文章的体裁,注意文章的时态. 4.重点注意所给词.提示词往往是动词、名词、形容词、副词、动词,考虑时态、语态、主谓一致、情态动词、虚拟语气,以及在句中充当谓语还是非谓语.名词考虑单复数、词性转换.形容词副词考虑比较级、最高级、倍数、词性转换及反义.代词可给提示词可不给,注意主格、宾格、所有格及反身代词.无提示词的是介词、冠词和连词.尤其要注意行文逻辑,及强调句型和倒装. 5.重读全文,注意时态、语态、逻辑等,注意大小写等书写规范. 解题技巧 解题技巧(一) 1.这两种情况下很可能填不定冠词: (1)_________ +可数名词(单数); (2) _________ +形容词＋可数名词(单数). 2.这三种情况下很可能填定冠词: (1) _________ (+定语)＋名词＋of等介词短语(表示特指); (2) _________ (+定语)＋名词＋定语从句(表示特指); (3) _________ (+定语)＋名词＋不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指). 【训练题】 1.There once were a goat and a donkey ...So the farmer killed_________ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was_________ shy, nervous perfectionist. 3....the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to_________ small town some 20 kilometers away. 答案:1.the 2.a 3.a 解题技巧(二) 1.连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时,应填并列连词and, or, but等. 2.若两个句子(两个主谓结构)之间,没有句号或分号,也没有连词,那空格处必定是填连接词,否则,句子结构就不完整.根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系,或者根据句式结构,确定是并列句(多要求考生填and, but, while, when, or等)还是某种主从复合句.然后根据各类从句的特点,结合连接词的意义和用法,确定填具体的某个连词. 【训练题】 1.It was not long_________ the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised at what she saw. 2.But nothing changed until midterm, _________ Mary Anne, a student teacher, was appointed to our classroom. 3.Jane paused in front of a counter_________ some attractive ties were on display. 4.One day, he came up with an idea_________ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. 答案:1.before 2.when 3.where 4.that 解题技巧(三) 在无提示词题型当中,空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时,通常填代词,包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词(不能作主语)等.在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了. 句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当,名词、动名词或不定式通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查. 【训练题】 1.He asked his teacher,“ Sir, the water is awful. Why did you pretend to like_________?” 2.Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult___