虚拟语气小结讲义-2024届高考英语一轮复习

虚拟语气小结 语气是英文中谓语动词的一种变化形式，用来表示说话者的意图和态度。虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望、假想或建议等。它主要用于以下几种句式中。 1、 非真实条件句 从句的谓语 主句的谓语 与现在事实相反 过去时 Would/could/should/might do 与过去事实相反 过去完成时 Would/could/should/might have done 与将来事实相反 过去时 were to do should do Would/could/should/might do 1　 If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. （与现在事实相反） 2　 If I had worked hard last year, I would have been admitted to the university. （与过去事实相反） 3　 If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. （与将来事实相反） 2、 错综时间条件句 有时在非真实条件句中，主句和从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作并不是同时发生的，这时动词的形式要按照各自的时间进行调整，这类句子就叫错综时间条件句。例如： 1　 If you had taken my advice, you would be better now. 2　 If I were you, I would have taken his advice. 3、 含蓄条件句 有时一个假设的情况并不用条件从句表示，而用其他方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。常用于这类结构的有without、or、otherwise、but for、in case、suppose等。例如： 1　 Without water, fish would die. 2　 But for your help, I couldn’t have made such great progress. 3　 I would have taken part in the match, but I was busy that day. 4、 宾语从句 1. 在表示“建议、命令、要求”等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用“（should）+动词原形”。例如： 1　 He insisted that we (should) make an apology to him. 2　 They requested that the students (should) learn a second language. 2. wish后的宾语从句需要用虚拟语气。 wish that + 主语+had done （与过去事实相反） wish that +主语 + did （were）（与现在事实相反） wish that + 主语 + would/could do （与将来事实相反） 1　 How I wish that I were an adult. 2　 He wishes that he could become a scientist one day. 3　 We wish that you had come to our New Year’s party. 5、 表语从句和同位语从句 主句中有suggestion、proposal、order、plan和idea等词时，表语从句或同位语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词要用“（should）+动词原形”。例如： 1　 My suggestion is that all of you (should) read loudly in the morning. 2　 His proposal that they (should) challenge the other groups to a friendly competition is praised by the teacher. 6、 定语从句 It is / was (high/about) time that + 主语+ did /should do （should不可以省略） 1　 It is high time that you should go to bed. 2　 It is high time that we got down to work. 练习： 1. ----Do you have Betty’s phone number? ---- Yes. Otherwise, I ________(be) able to reach her yesterday. 2. If the new safety sys