寒假作业04 现在完成时与过去完成时-【寒假分层作业】2024年高二英语寒假培优练（外研版2019）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业04 现在完成时和过去完成时 积累运用 现在完成时和过去完成时区别 现在完成时 过去完成时 形式 has/have +done had +done 概念 过去某一时刻发生的动作持续到现在，并对现在造成影响 过去某一时刻已经开始并一直延续到这一时刻或在此时刻前已经完成的动作 标志性词 so far, until now, up to now, till now, in/over the last/past+段时间，these days… by, by the time, before, when 注意： 1.现在完成时在since结构中使用时，since后面跟过去的时间或动作，主句用现在完成时。 例句：He has been out of employment since he graduated from the university. 自从他大学毕业以来，他一直失业。 The relations between the two countries have developed for years since 2000. 自从2000年，这两个国家的关系已经发展了。 2. by与现在的时间搭配，用现在完成时；by与过去的时间搭配，用过去完成时。 例句：By now he has composed seven books on his own. 到现在为止，他已经独立创作了7本书。 By last year, we had mastered reading skills well. 到去年为止，我们已经很好得掌握了阅读技巧。 3. 过去完成时用于固定结构中： （1） It was the first/second… time that …(that引导从句部分的谓语动词用过去完成时)。 例句：It was the third time that he had been laid off. 这是第三次他被解雇。 （2）Hardly/Scarcely…when…和No sooner…than…结构中，hardly, scarcely以及no sooner后谓语动词用过去完成时，when，than后面用一般过去时。表示“一…就…” 例句：Hardly had he returned home when he found the house broken into. 他一回家就发现房子被破门而入了。 （3）表示意向的动词，如hope, expect, intend, mean, plan, think, suppose等使用过去完成时，并非表达过去的过去，而是表达对过去未曾实现动作的遗憾，表示“本…”。 例句：He had intended to decline the invitation, but his friend persuaded him. 他本打算拒绝这个邀请，但是他朋友说服了他。 (4) 用于虚拟语气中，与过去事实相反的结构中。 与过去事实相反时，if引导的从句谓语动词用过去完成时had done, 主句谓语动词用would/could/should/might + have done; 与过去事实相反时，wish后面引导的宾语从句中，谓语动词为had done；as if引导的从句中，谓语动词用had done。 例句：If he had followed my advice, he would not have fallen behind others. 如果他当初听我的建议，他就不会落后于别人了。 I wish she had 根据括号内所给的词，完成下面的句子。 1. Many parts of China (see) very heavy rainfall in the past few days. 2. Instead of getting down to a new test as he (expect), he examined the previous work again. 3. The unemployment rate in this district (fall) from 6% to 5% since two years ago. 4. .It is the third time that you (be) late this month. 5. They might have found a better hote