2024届高考英语倒装句用法小结讲义

倒装小结 在英语中，有时候，或出于语法结构、惯用法的要求，或为了强调等，宾语或其他成分，甚至谓语，可以置于主语前，构成倒装语序。倒装语序分为两类：完全倒装和部分倒装。 1、 完全倒装 完全倒装是指句子的谓语置于主语之前，常见的结构如下 1. 当句首为here、there、up、down、in、out、away、then、now等副词，且主语是名词时，常将主语和谓语倒装。若主语是人称代词，主语和谓语不到装。例如： 1　 Out rushed the students as soon as the bell rang. 2　 Then came the memory of the good times we had together. 2. 副词性短语位于句首时，常将主语和谓语倒装。例如： 1　 Across the river lies a newly built bridge. 2　 At one side of the square stood the old church. 2、 部分倒装 部分倒装指的是把谓语的一部分置于主语之前，或者把句子其他某个成分提前。部分倒装主要适用于以下几种情况。 1. 以否定词（hardly、never、seldom等）或否定短语（in no way、by no means、in no case等）开头的句子，要用部分倒装。例如： 1　 Never have I seen a better present than it. 2　 In no way will I give up my dream. 2. only 置于句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时，句子用部分倒装。例如： 1　 Only after the accident did he become cautious. 2　 Only when one falls ill does one know the value of health 3. 在so/such...that...句型中，将“so/such +所修饰部分”放在句首时，句子用部分倒装。例如： 1　 So delighted am I to hear the news that I can’t wait to write to convey my congratulations to you for your wonderful performance. (I am so delighted to hear the news....) 2　 Such a heavy box is it that you can’t carry it yourself. (It is such a heavy box that ....) 4. 在not only....but also...句型中，not only置于句首时，not only引导的句子要倒装，but also引导的句子不用倒装。例如： 1　 Not only can he type fast but also he has a good command of English. 2　 Not only am I interested in photography, but I took a course at university, so it is actually of special interest to me. 5. 在“hardly...when...、no sooner...than...、not until +从句，主句...”这几个结构中，表否定意义或否定形式的词或词组居句首时，主句倒装，从句用正常语序。例如： 1　 No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 2　 Not until I had read the report did I understand the true state of affairs. 6. 如果前面句子中所说的情况也适合后面的句子，后面的句子常用so、nor、neither等引导构成倒装句，并用do/does/dis 代替实意动词。例如： 1　 I saw the film yesterday, so did she. 2　 I can’t speak English, neither did I. 3　 He didn’t converse at meals; nor did he talk in bed. 注意：如果不是表示情况的适合，而是表示对前面句子内容的同意或肯定，则不能用倒装句。例如： ----Jack, you forgot to turn off the light last night. ---