2024年中考英语复习动词 课件

动词 讲解与练习 2024中考复习 动词的基本形式 一 6 种基本形式： 动词原形 do 第三人称单数形式 does 过去式 did 过去分词 done 现在分词 doing 不定式 to do 2 动词的分类 一 4类： 实义动词 及物动词 \不及物动词 系动词 be 感官类动词 转变类 ...... 助动词 am is are was were be been being do does did have has had 情态助动词 can \could will\would may \might shall \should have to\ has to \had to must\ need \dare would rather had better 3 1．动词原形 (1)在一般现在时中，当主语不是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用动词原形 Time and tide wait for no man.岁月不待人。 We go to work every day, including Sunday. 我们每天都上班，包括星期天。 (2)情态动词＋动词原形 Mozart could play the piano at the age of 3. 莫扎特三岁时就会弹钢琴了。 do 4 (3)助动词＋动词原形 Did your friend call you yesterday？你朋友昨天给你打电话了吗？ (4)使役动词＋动词原形 I let the boy leave.我让这个男孩离开了。 (5)动词原形可作see, hear, watch, notice等感官动词的宾语补足语 I heard her sing in the next room.我听到过她在隔壁唱歌。 (6)祈使句中 Put the books in your bag.把书放到你的包里。 5 (7)had better＋动词原形 You'd better go home right now. 你最好现在回家。 (8)Why not＋动词原形 Why not go to the movies tomorrow？ 明天为什么不去看电影呢？ (9)would rather do sth. than do sth. The children would rather walk there than take a bus. 孩子们宁愿步行去那里也不愿乘公共汽车。 6 (10)prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. I prefer to do English homework first rather than do math homework. 我宁愿先做英语作业也不愿做数学作业。 (11)help sb. do sth. I helped her carry her books. 我帮她搬书。 【Attention】 help sb. do sth.中的do前也可加to。 (12)“to＋动词原形”构成动词不定式，to是不定式符号，本身无意义 To see is to believe.眼见为实。 7 2．第三人称单数形式 (1)定义 在一般现在时的句子中，当主语是第三人称单数时，作谓语的实义动词要加－s或－es，此时的谓语形式被称为第三人称单数形式。 My brother goes to school by bike every day. 我弟弟每天骑自行车去上学。 does 8 (2)变化规则 动词第三人称单数形式变化规则 类型 方法 示例 一般情况 在动词原形后直接加－s drink→drinks show→shows 以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的动词 加－es go→goes guess→guesses fix→fixes watch→watches finish→finishes 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词 把y变成i，再加－es worry→worries study→studies 9 3.过去式和过去分词 (1)规则变化 类型 方法 示例 一般情况 在动词原形后直接加－ed work→worked stay→stayed 以不发音的e结尾的动词 只加－d close→closed like→liked 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词 把y变成i，再加－ed study→studied carry→carried 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词 双写此辅音字母，再加－ed st