内容正文:
专题02 there be句型和名词的数
目录
考点聚焦:核心考点聚焦,有的放矢
重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺
难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升
学以致用:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破
核心考点聚焦
There be 句型
1. 定义:There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。
注意:There be 句型中be动词的选择是有is或are,没有am。
2. 结构:(1)There is+a/an+单数可数名词+地点状语
There is a ruler on the desk. 书桌上有一把尺。
(2)There are+复数可数名词+地点状语
There are four apples on the tree. 树上有四个苹果。
(3)There is + 不可数名词 +地点状语
例:There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。
(水是不可数名词,即使有some,be动词也是单数。)
3. There be句型的就近原则
There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由离be动词最近的名词单复数决定。
如:There is a ruler, two books and many pencils on the desk。
离be动词最近的一项是单数a ruler,因此,be动词用单数is。
There are two books, a ruler and many pencils on the desk。
离be动词最近的一项是复数two books,因此,be动词用复数are。
① There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. (就近原则)
② There are many students and a teacher in our classroom. (就近原则)
可数名词与不可数名词
普通名词分为可数名调和不可数名词两类。其中,表示可以计算数目的人或物的名词称为可数名词,可数名词单数前面可以用不定冠词a/an来修饰。
可数名词复数的规则变化
规则变化
示例
在词尾后加-s
book→books cup- cups
以s,x,sh, ch结尾的词后加-es
bus-buses box-boxes dish-dishes watch -watches
以f, fe 结尾的词,先去掉f或fe,再加-ves
half→halves wife --wives
以o结尾且表示有生命的事物的词后加-es
Hero- heroes potato- potatoes tomato-tomatoes mango-mangoes
以辅音字母加-y结尾的词,先去掉y再加-ies;以元音字母加-y结尾的词,直接在词尾加-s
city-cities family→families boy-boys day-days
There be句型的各种句型结构
①肯定句:
There+be (is/are)+某物/某人+地点/时间。
There is a book on the desk. 桌子上有一本书。
②否定句: There+be(is/are)+not+某物/某人+地点。
注意:原句中如有some一词,也应改为any. 例如:
There is some milk in the bottle。瓶子里有一些牛奶。
There isn’t any milk in the bottle。瓶子里没有牛奶。
③ 一般疑问句: Be(Is/Are)+there+某物/某人+地点?
将be动词提到There之前,句尾用问号;原句中如有some一词,也应改为any。
There are some birds in the tree.树上有几只鸟。
Are there any birds in the tree? 树上有鸟吗?
对疑问句的应答,如果是肯定的,可以答:Yes, there is 或there are.
如果是否定的,可以说: No, there isn't.或there aren't.
④ there be的特殊疑问句:
A.对主语提问
如果主语是物,用What is +地点状语?
如果主语是人,用Who is + 地点状语?
① What is in the classroom? ---- There are 5 desks and 5 chairs in the classroom.
② Who is in the classroom? ---- There are 5 boys in the cl