2024年中考英语宾语从句知识点与背诵资料

宾语从句（三要素--语连时） 口诀 宾语从句三姊妹， that,if/whether,wh-how;陈述句语序永不变； 主现从不限，主过从必过；客观真理永现。 1． 定义宾语 I know something.宾语从句· I know that he is a hero. 总结：宾语：动词后面的名词或代词 动作的承受者 宾语从句：放在动词后面做宾语的句子（主句+连接词+从句） 二.宾语从句的种类 动词宾语从句 Do you know where he lives ? 介词宾语从句 Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 形容词宾语从句 I am sorry I am late. I am glad that you can join us. 三.宾语从句的三要素（连接词、语序、时态） I think that it is a touching story. He wondered if he could shoot down the nine suns in the sky. Chang’e didn’t know how she could keep the medicine. 1. 连接词 当宾从：that，无意，可省,用于陈述一件事情 接that宾从的动词:think, say, know, hope, wish, hear, promise, expect, believe... eg. I hope/ that) everyone will live a happy life. I think that you are right. 当宾从：if/whether(or not)，是否，不可省 当宾从：特殊疑问词（7W+H），充当成分，不可省 if/ whether引导的宾语从句 只能用 whether不能用if情况①介宾,只能用 whether eg. His father is worried about whether he will lose his job. ②与 or not连用时(whether or not/ whether... or not) eg. No one knows whether they are true or not. I want to know whether or not it' s good news. ③ whether to do sth与whether....or.... She can' t decide whether to say. 2. 语序---陈述语序（引导词+主谓+其他） ①在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈述语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。如： I want to know when the train left. 我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。 注意：a. 有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。如： What's wrong with....? Which is the way to....? What happened to you....? What's the matter/trouble....? Who studies the hardest in your class? b. do you think后接宾语从句时，特殊疑问词即引导词要前置，do you think作为插入语。如：Who do you think he is talking with? 你认为他正在和谁交谈？ ②由do, does, did构成的疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉do, does, did，且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如： “Does he sing well?” The music teacher asked him. →The music teacher asked him if(whether)he sang well. 这个音乐老师想知道他唱得是否很好。 ③如果是will, be, have, can组成的疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这些词还原到句中原来的谓语位置上，并根据主句的时态作相应的变化。如： “Will you be free tomorrow?”She asked me. →She asked me if (whether) I would be free tomorrow.她问我明天是否是空闲的。 3.时态（主现从不限，主过从过，真理永现） (1)主句是一般现在时,宾语从句时态任意(需要性原则) (2)主句是一般过去时,宾语从句用过去的某种时态(呼应性原则) 过去某种时态①一般过去时②过去进行时③过去完成时④过去将来时 (3)