(讲义)Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 突破 语法大冲关-【提分教练】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册(译林版2020)

状语从句 [观察例句]　 1．Child as she is，she knows a lot of things. 2．He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it. 3．He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him. 4．Where there is water，there is life. 5．He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates. 6．Since you are very busy，I won't trouble you. [归纳用法]　 由从句充当的状语叫状语从句。状语从句在句子中可修饰谓语(或其他动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句子。它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。 一、时间状语从句 表示时间的状语从句可由when，as，while，whenever，after，before，till (until)，since，once，as soon as (或the moment)，by the time，no sooner...than，hardly (scarcely) ...when，every time等引导。例如： When I came into the office，the teachers were having a meeting. 当我进入办公室时，老师们正在开会。 He started as soon as he received the news. 他一得到这个消息就出发了。 二、原因状语从句 原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句最常用的连词是because，since，as，now that(既然)等。 例如： He is disappointed because he hasn't got the position. 因为没有谋到那个职位，他很沮丧。 As it is raining，I will not go out. 因为外面正在下雨，我就不出去了。 Now that you mention it，I do remember. 既然你提到那件事，我一定记住。 三、地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。例如： Sit wherever you like.随便坐。 Make a mark where you have a question. 在你有疑问的地方做个标记。 四、目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句最常用的词(组)是so，so that(从句谓语常有情态动词)，in order that，in case(以防，以免)等。例如： Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 说得清楚些以便他们能听懂。 She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons. 她买了这本书，目的是能收看电视课。 He left early in case he should miss the train. 他动身很早以免错过火车。 五、结果状语从句 结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that (从句谓语一般没有情态动词)，so...that，such...that等引导。 例如： She was ill，so that she didn't attend the meeting. 她病了，因此她没有参加会议。 He was so excited that he could not say a word. 他激动得说不出话来。 She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her. 她是非常好的一个老师，我们每个人都很尊敬她。 [名师点津]　 1．so...that的常用句型 so many/few＋可数名词复数＋that so much/little＋不可数名词＋that so＋形容词或副词＋that so＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that 2．such...that 的常用句型 such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋that such＋形容词＋不可数名词/复数可数名词＋that 3．too...to，enough...to 引导结果状语时可以与so...that 换用。这种换用通常须具备两个条件：一是主句和结果状语从句的主语必须一致；二是从句中的谓语部分必须含有can(could) not。