(讲义)Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 教学 知识细解码-【提分教练】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册(译林版2020)

1．resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去→resignation n．辞职；辞职信 2．forgive vt.& vi.原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)→forgiveness n．原谅，宽恕 3．pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为→pretender n．冒充者 4．mercy n．仁慈，宽恕→merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的 5．legal adj.合法的；法律的→illegal adj.不合法的 6．fault n．过错，责任；弱点，缺点→faulty adj.不完美的→faultless adj.无缺点的 outline vt.概述，概括；显示轮廓，勾勒外形 n．概要，概述；轮廓，略图 ①We outlined our proposals to the committee. vt.概述 ②They saw the huge building outlined against the sky. vt.显示轮廓 ③You should draw up a plan or outline for the essay. n.概要 ④I can only see the outline of the building. n.轮廓 　appointment n．约定，约会；任命，委派；职务 [例]In some cases people have had to wait several weeks for an appointment. 在某些情况下，人们为了一个预约必须等上好几周。 [知识拓展] (1)make an appointment with　 与……约会 keep/break an appointment 践约/失约 (2)appoint vt. 任命，委派，约定(时间、地点等) appoint sb. 任命某人 appoint sth.(for sth.) (为某事)确定(日期、场所) appoint sb.(as) sth. 任命某人为…… appoint sb.to do sth. 指派某人做某事 [即学即练]　完成句子/单句语法填空 ①They appointed him as/to be captain of the England team(已任命他为英格兰队队长). ②We must appoint someone to act(act) as secretary. ③The time appointed for the meeting was 10：30. ④She made an appointment for her son to see(see) the doctor. 　tear down 拆毁，拆除 [例]The city will tear down the building and create a park. 该市将拆掉这幢大楼，并建一个公园。 [知识拓展] tear...off 把……撕掉；匆匆脱下 tear...up 把……撕碎 tear...apart 把……撕开/成碎片 tear...away 依依不舍地离开；忍痛离去；把……拿走 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①For security，tear up the paper before you put it in the trash can. ②Totally exhausted，he tore his clothes off and fell into bed. ③I found it hard to tear myself away from my new friends. 　make one's fortune 发财 [例]Making friends with good fortunes would make your fortune better. 与运气好的人交朋友会使你更能成功。 [知识拓展] (1)be in good/bad fortune 运气好/差 try one's fortune 碰运气 come into a fortune 得到财产 seek one's fortune 寻出路，去闯天下 worth a fortune 值一大笔钱 (2)fortunate adj. 幸运的；侥幸的 unfortunate adj. 不幸的 unfortunately adv. 不幸地 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I have been fortunate(fortune) enough to visit many parts of the world as a lecturer. ②I was late in getting to the station，but fo