23 专题五 第二讲 句法类错误（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024高考英语二轮复习高中总复习·第2轮（老教材）

第二讲　句法类错误 高考短文改错常见的句法类错误有动词使用错误和从句引导词使用错误。这些错误通常与句子成分的分析紧密相关，所以难度较大。 考点一 动词使用错误 动词的使用是英语学习的难点和易错点。在高考短文改错题中，动词使用错误占比最大，要引起考生的特别关注。 (一)谓语动词使用错误 设错方向 典题训练 解题思路 时态误用 1.(2023·全国乙卷)The color she choose came in a box which had a picture of a woman whose hair color looked just perfect.choose→chose 2．(2022·全国乙卷)So you are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution.cause→causing 3．(2021·全国乙卷)I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary.tidying→tidy 4．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Actually，I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old，but I have long been out of practice.start→started 1.检查一致性 (1)识别时态是否一致； (2)检查每一个谓语的时态与上下文及该句时间状语是否一致； (3)检查助动词have/has/had等后面的动词形式是否一致。 2．关注平行或并列结构 (1)平行或并列结构中，动词的形式通常一致； (2)辨别and、 or等词后的动词与前面哪个动词并列。 语态误用 5.(2022·全国乙卷)Just see how cars have been taken over our cities.去掉been 6．(2023·江西九江二模)So pretend your lips are gluing together.gluing→glued 7．Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cook.using→used 留心语态错误 (1)构成被动语态的过去分词是否写成了过去式或现在分词； (2)被动语态的句子缺少be动词的各种形式或主动语态句子多了be动词的各种形式。 主谓一致 误用 8.(2023·全国甲卷)In the evening, when I take a walk in the school garden, the singing of insects become more meaningful to me.become→becomes 9．(2022·全国乙卷)A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists.lives→live 10．(2021·全国甲卷)One of the questions are：Who will you go to in times of trouble？are→is 判断主谓是否一致 (1)可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数； (2)动词­ing形式、不定式或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数。注意：名词性从句表示复数概念时，谓语动词应用复数； 主谓一致 误用 11.(2023·江西九江二模)If the first two steps doesn't work, go for a walk.doesn't→don't 12．(2023·江西鹰潭二模)Another 15% just does this to seek excitement or try to get rid of their anxieties.does→do 13．(2023·吉林长春模拟)You are a considerate person who know exactly what I need．know→knows (3)就近原则常见的有：either ...or ...、 neither ...nor ...、 not only ...but also ...、 there be等； (4)就远原则常见的有：together with、 as well as、 but、 except等； (5)在倒装句中要找出句子的主语从而判断谓语动词的单复数； (6)