2024年沪教牛津版中考英语非谓语知识点讲义

非谓语动词 动词不定式(表示“目的”或“要做的事) 一、作主语的常用句型(此处的it是形式主语，to do才是真主) It is+adj+for/of sb(not)to do做某事对某人来说是 It takes sb+时间+to do做某事花费某人多少时间 It is one's turn to do轮到某人做某事了 It is time(for sb)to do是(某人)该做某事的时候了 sb+be+adj+to do某人做…是… too..to do太…以致不能.. …enough to do足够..做某事 总结：It is开头的句型后面常考加to do 二、动词不定式作宾语(常考固定搭配) ①结构：动词+to do sth. want to do sth.想做某事=would like to do sth promise to do sth.承诺做某事 plan to do sth.计划做某事 try/do one's best to do尽某人最大的努力做某事 refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 begin(start)to do sth.开始做某事=begin(start)doing sth expect to do sth.期望做某事 like /love to do=like/love doing喜欢做某事 decide to do sth.决定做某事 offer to do sth.主动提出做某事 learn to do sth.学习做某事 hope to do sth.希望做某事 agree to do sth.同意做某事 continue to do sth.继续做某事 choose to do选择做某事 make sure to do确定做某事 fail to do末能做某事 manage to do成功做某事 ②结构:it作形式宾语，to do真宾 think/find/make it+adj+to do.认为/发现/使做某事是… Eg：I find it hard to pass this exam. 三、动词不定式作宾语补足语(常考固定搭配) 结构：动词+sb+to do sth ask sb.to do sth.叫某人做某事 wish sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事 tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事 would like sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事=want sb.to do sth. encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 teach sb.to do sth.教某人做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 expect sb.to do sth.盼望某人做某事 invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事 advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事 order/instruct sb to do sth命令某人做某事 warn sb to do sth警告某人做某事 remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事 4、 动词不定式作定语(to do放在n/pron.后面作定语) 常接不定式作定语的名词有： time/need/chancelopportunity/way/couragelreason/effort/decision/ability to do sth eg:She has a chance to go abroad.她有机会出国。 五、动词不定式作表语(常考句型) One's dream/joblwish/aim/purpose is to do某人的梦想/工作/愿望/目的/目的是… eg:My dream is to be an English teacher.我的梦想是成为一名英语老师。 六、疑问词+to do when/why/wholwhich/where/what/how等等疑问词+to do Eg:I don'tknow how to make it.我不知道怎么取得成功。 七、常见的省略to的动词不定式 感官动词后：一感(feel)、二听(hear,listento)、 四看(look at ,see,watch,notice) Eg:I saw her clean the room.我看见她打扫了房间。 使役动词后：make/let/have eg-My mother makes me wash her clothes. 我妈妈让我洗她的衣服。 help后：help sb(to)do 不定式的并列 Eg:He wishes to study medi