Lesson 21 Daniel Mendoze 知识点讲义-2023-2024学年高中英语新概念第三册

Lesson 21 Daniel Mendoza 丹尼尔.门多萨 1、 Boxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago. In those days, boxers fought with bare fists for prize money. 两百年前，拳击比赛在英国非常盛行。当时，拳击手们不戴手套，为争夺奖金而搏斗。 · race （速度类的比赛） match (两组对抗，角逐类的比赛) · box(v.) 打拳击——boxing (n.) 拳击 —— boxer(n.) 拳击手 · be popular(adj.) —— be in popularity(n.) 流行 · In those days = At that time 在那时 · fight (v.) 打仗，战斗 fought fought · bare (adj.) 裸露的 eg. bare fist 光着拳头（不戴手套） bare-fisted (adj.) 赤手空拳的 bare-footed (adj.) 光着脚的 bare-legged (adj.) 光腿的 bare-necked (adj.) 露出脖子的 bare-headed (adj.) 不戴帽子的 2、Because of this, they were known as ‘prizefighters'. However, boxing was very crude, （for these were no rules and a prizefighter could be seriously injured or even killed during a match.原因状语从句） 因此，他们被称作“职业拳击手”。不过，拳击是十分野蛮的，因为当时没有任何比赛规则，职业拳击手有可能在比赛中受重伤，甚至丧命。 · crude (adj.) （1） 粗鲁的，野蛮的，粗俗的 eg. a crude joke/ manner 一个粗鲁的笑话/行为 （2） 天然的，未经提炼的 eg. crude sugar 粗糖 crude oil 原油 3、One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza,（who was born in 1764.定语从句） 拳击史上最引人注目的人物之一是丹尼尔.门多萨，他生于1764年。 · One of the most colourful figures = One of the most famous people/persons (One of + 复数名词 + 单数的谓语动词) · was born 出生于 （被动语态的结构，表主动的意思） · figure (n.) 人物 eg. a political figure 政治人物 a historical figure 历史人物 a public figure 公众人物 4、The use of gloves was not introduced until 1860, (when the Marquis of Queensberry drew up the first set of rules.时间状语从句) 1860年昆斯伯里侯爵第一次为拳击比赛制定了规则，拳击比赛这才用上了手套。 · introduce (v.) 介绍，引进 = bring in · until(prep.) 直到 + （时间点）：时间段 not…until… 直到…才… · draw (v.) 抽出，取出，拔出 —— drawer(n.) 抽屉 eg. draw the sword 拔剑 draw a lottery ticket 抽彩票 · draw up 起草，草拟 eg. draw up a contract / plan / list · a set of 一套，一组 eg. a set of books/ tools 一套书/工具 a set of problems 一系列问题 5、（Though he was technically a prizefighter,让步状语从句） Mendoza did much to change crude prizefighting into a sport, （for he brought science to the game.原因状语从句） 虽然门多萨严格来讲不过是个职业拳击手，但在把这种