2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(297-298)讲义-2024届高考英语一轮复习

1、 长难句翻译 1. As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters. 2. Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. 2、 长难句翻译解析 1. As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters. 【语法详析】 本句的主干为An Englishman made the remarkable discovery。1. As long ago as the fourteenth century单独作时间状语；2. Sir John Hawkwood为插入语，同时作Englishman的同位语；3. that people would rather pay large sums of money…作discovery的同位语从句，that没有含义、不作句子成分、不可省。 【词汇精讲】 as long ago as 早在 【辨】as long as 只要 Sir 爵士 remarkable /rɪˈmɑː.kə.bəl/ adj. 非凡的 【动/名】remark v. 评论道 n. 言辞 would rather do … than do…宁愿…也不愿【近】prefer to do…rather than do…，prefer doing… to doing… gangster /ˈɡæŋ.stər/ n. 歹徒 【名】gang 一帮，团伙 【参考译文】 早在14世纪，英国人约翰·霍克伍德爵士就有一个非凡发现：人们宁愿缴纳巨额保护费，也不愿看到他们毕生的辛劳毁于歹徒之手。 2. Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. 【语法详析】 本句的主干为Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes。1. whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other为时间或让步状语从句，whenever同no matter when，意为“不论什么时候”；2. who were willing to pay the high price为定语从句，修饰先行词princes；3.he demanded同为定语从句，修饰先行词price。 【词汇精讲】 city-state /ˌsɪt.i ˈsteɪt/ n. 城邦 prince /prɪns/ n. 王子，君主【名】princess 公主，王妃【组】prince charming白马王子 be willing to do 愿意做【名】willingness 意愿，will 意志 demand /dɪˈmɑːnd/ v. n. 要求，需求【形】demanding要求高的【组】supply and demand 供需关系 【参考译文】 每当意大利城邦之间开战时，霍克伍德就把他的士兵租借给那些愿意支付他所要求的高价的君主们。 3、 长难句拓展 1.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. ①小词典 reflect [rɪˈflek